An Item Response Theory analysis of the SCOFF Questionnaire in a seventh grade population

Bean, Gerald J.

doi:10.4148/2161-4148.1056

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The remaining eight studies did not report proportion segmented by sex. In terms of geographical regions, 16 different countries were identified, including 21 studies in Europe 19,20,30,[33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]46,47,[49][50][51]56,57 , five in Asia 31,48,53,55,58 , four in North America 36,45,52,54 , one in South America 59 , and one in Africa 32 . All the studies were conducted with participants from only one country.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies were deemed to be at low risk of bias, presenting scores ranging between zero and two points (with the exception of the study by Hicks et al 36 which presented three points). The main sources of bias were related to the representativeness of the analyzed sample 19,20,[30][31][32][33]36,38,41,42,44,45,52,53,56,58,59 . A summary of the risk of bias scoring is shown in eTable 3.…”

Section: Risk Of Study Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2023

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ImportanceThe 5-item Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire is the most widely used screening measure for eating disorders. However, no previous systematic review and meta-analysis determined the proportion of disordered eating among children and adolescents.ObjectiveTo establish the proportion among children and adolescents of disordered eating as assessed with the SCOFF tool.Data SourcesFour databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) with date limits from January 1999 to November 2022.Study SelectionStudies were required to meet the following criteria: (1) participants: studies of community samples of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years and (2) outcome: disordered eating assessed by the SCOFF questionnaire. The exclusion criteria included (1) studies conducted with young people who had a diagnosis of physical or mental disorders; (2) studies that were published before 1999 because the SCOFF questionnaire was designed in that year; (3) studies in which data were collected during COVID-19 because they could introduce selection bias; (4) studies based on data from the same surveys/studies to avoid duplication; and (5) systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses and qualitative and case studies.Data Extraction and SynthesisA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportion of disordered eating among children and adolescents assessed with the SCOFF tool.ResultsThirty-two studies, including 63 181 participants, from 16 countries were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall proportion of children and adolescents with disordered eating was 22.36% (95% CI, 18.84%-26.09%; P &lt; .001; n = 63 181) (I2 = 98.58%). Girls were significantly more likely to report disordered eating (30.03%; 95% CI, 25.61%-34.65%; n = 27 548) than boys (16.98%; 95% CI, 13.46%-20.81%; n = 26 170) (P &lt; .001). Disordered eating became more elevated with increasing age (B, 0.03; 95% CI, 0-0.06; P = .049) and body mass index (B, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.05; P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, the available evidence from 32 studies comprising large samples from 16 countries showed that 22% of children and adolescents showed disordered eating according to the SCOFF tool. Proportion of disordered eating was further elevated among girls, as well as with increasing age and body mass index. These high figures are concerning from a public health perspective and highlight the need to implement strategies for preventing eating disorders.

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Of Study Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2023

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“…To examine these psychometric properties of the SCOFF, item response theory techniques were utilized to examine the construct validity. IRT techniques were especially utilized given the dichotomous response format (i.e., ‘yes’ versus ‘no’) of the items [ 9 , 10 ]. These item response theory (IRT) examinations have been worthwhile but (1) have been limited to adolescents and (2) have not fully explored the issues of perceived stigma and thus social desirability in reporting symptoms of eating disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 4pL item response theory examination of perceived stigma in the screening of eating disorders with the SCOFF among college students

Barnard-Brak,

Yang

2023

Eat Weight Disord

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We examined the psychometric properties of the SCOFF, a screening instrument for eating disorders, with consideration of the perceived stigma of items that can produce socially desirable responding among a sample of college students. The results of the current study suggest evidence of the sufficient psychometric properties of the SCOFF in terms of confirmatory factor and item response theory analyses. However, two items of the SCOFF revealed that individuals who otherwise endorsed other items of the SCOFF were less likely to endorse the items of Fat and Food. It is hypothesized that this is the result of perceived stigma regarding those two items that prompts individuals to respond in a socially desirable way. A weighted scoring procedure was developed to counteract the performance of these two items, but the psychometric performance was only slightly better and there would be a clear tradeoff of specificity over sensitivity if utilized. Future research should consider other ways to counteract such perceived stigma.Level of evidence Level III: Evidence obtained from cohort or case–control analytic studies.

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“…In these instances, differential diagnosis may rule out the diagnosis of eating disorder in favor of another disorder that better explains symptoms. Regardless, eating disorders and their comorbid disorders can both produce long-term consequences, thus the need for early detection becomes more apparent (Bean, 2019;Bean, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To examine the psychometric properties of the SCOFF, item response theory techniques have been utilized, especially given the dichotomous response format (i.e., 'yes' versus 'no') of the items (Bean, 2019;Bean, 2020). These item response theory (IRT) examinations have been worthwhile but have not fully explored the issues of perceived stigma and thus social desirability in reporting symptoms of eating disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 4pL Item Response Theory examination of perceived stigma in the screening of eating disorders with the SCOFF

Barnard‐Brak

Yang

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined the psychometric properties of the SCOFF, a screening instrument for eating disorders, with consideration of the perceived stigma of items that can produce socially desirable responding. The results of the current study suggest evidence of the sufficient psychometric properties of the SCOFF in terms of confirmatory factor and item response theory analyses. However, two items of the SCOFF revealed that individuals who otherwise endorsed other items of the SCOFF were less likely to endorse the items of Fat and Food. It is hypothesized that this is the result of perceived stigma regarding those two items that prompts individuals to respond in a socially desirable way. A weighted scoring procedure was developed to counteract the performance of these two items, but the psychometric performance was only slightly better and there would be a clear tradeoff of specificity over sensitivity if utilized. Future research should consider other ways to counteract such perceived stigma.

show abstract

An Item Response Theory analysis of the SCOFF Questionnaire in a seventh grade population

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

A 4pL item response theory examination of perceived stigma in the screening of eating disorders with the SCOFF among college students

A 4pL Item Response Theory examination of perceived stigma in the screening of eating disorders with the SCOFF

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