An LC-MS Method for Analyzing Total Resveratrol in Grape Juice, Cranberry Juice, and in Wine

Abstract

Resveratrol is an antioxidant found in grapes, grape products, and some other botanical sources with antiinflammatory and anticancer properties. In grapes and wine, it occurs both as free resveratrol and piceid, the 3beta-glucoside of resveratrol. Here we report a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method to analyze total resveratrol (including free resveratrol and resveratrol from piceid) in fruit products and wine. Samples were extracted using methanol, enzymatically hydrolyzed, and analyzed using reversed phase HPLC with positive ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometric detection. Following APCI, the abundance of protonated molecules was recorded using selected ion monitoring (SIM) of m/z 229. An external standard curve was used for quantitation, which showed a linear range of 0.52-2260 pmol of trans-resveratrol injected on-column with a correlation coefficient 0.9999. The coefficient of variance of the response factor over the same concentration range was determined to be 5.8%, and the intra-assay coefficient of variance was determined to be 4.2% (n = 7). The limit of quantitation, defined as signal-to-noise 10:1, was determined to be 0.31 pmol injected on-column. The extraction efficiency of the method was determined to be 92%. The stability of resveratrol under different conditions was also examined. For example, resveratrol was stable for up to 5 days at 4 degrees C in the dark but was not stable at room temperature without protection from light. Resveratrol was detected in grape, cranberry, and wine samples. Concentrations ranged from 1.56 to 1042 nmol/g in Concord grape products, and from 8.63 to 24.84 micromol/L in Italian red wine. The concentrations of resveratrol were silmilar in cranberry and grape juice at 1.07 and 1.56 nmol/g, respectively.

Resveratrol content and antioxidant properties of underutilized fruits

“…The corona voltage was 10 V and the cone voltage was of 150 V. Nitrogen was used as desolving and nebulizing gas with flow rates of about 300 L/h and 50 L/h, respectively. APCI mass spectra were recorded over the range m/z 140-600 in a scan time of 1 s (Wang et al 2002). For system control and data processing, Mass Lynx software (Micromass) was used.…”

Oxidative Stress and Skin Cancer: An Overview

“…Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytoalexin [51]. Foods known to contain resveratrol are limited to grapes, wine, grape juice, cranberries, cranberry juice [52,53], peanuts, and peanut products [54]. It has shown that the roots of the weed Polygonum cuspidatum constitute one of the richest sources of resveratrol [55].…”

Comparison of Procedures for Resveratrol Analysis in Beer: Assessment of Stilbenoids Stability through Wort Fermentation and Beer Aging

“…Numerous methods have been published for determining trans-resveratrol in liquid matrices such as grape juice, wine, urine, plasma, or blood 1,2,14,15,18,28,[30][31][32]34 . Most of them are direct analyses 1,2,15,18 .…”

“…Most of them are direct analyses 1,2,15,18 . In the case of liquid extraction, ethyl acetate is often used 14,32 . The extract is further analyzed by HPLC hyphenated to UV absorption 8,19,21 , fluorescence 17 , or mass spectrometry 3,32 .…”

“…In the case of liquid extraction, ethyl acetate is often used 14,32 . The extract is further analyzed by HPLC hyphenated to UV absorption 8,19,21 , fluorescence 17 , or mass spectrometry 3,32 . GC/MS has also been used to determine trans-resveratrol, after derivatization with bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) 16,18,[22][23][24]29 .…”