An objective and automated method for evaluating abdominal hyperalgesia in a rat model for endometriosis

Aken, Mieke A.W. van; Groothuis, Patrick G.; Panagiotou, Maria; Duin, Marcel van; Nap, Annemiek W.; Rijn, Tineke C.M. van; Kozicz, Tamás; Braat, D.D.M.; Peeters, Ard

doi:10.1177/0023677219856915

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…If the animals feel abdominal pain, they cross this barrier fewer times compared to that wit healthy animals. This novel test was recently developed to assess endometriosis pain [74].…”

Section: Skinner Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodent Animal Models of Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unmet Needs and Resources Available for Improving Translational Research in Endometriosis

Tejada

Antunez

Nunez-Badinez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Chronic pain induced by endometriosis is a maladaptive pain experienced by half of women with this disease. The lack of pharmacological treatments suitable for the long-term relief of endometriosis-associated pain, without an impact on fertility, remains an urgent unmet need. Progress has been slowed by the absence of a reproducible rodent endometriosis model that fully replicates human physiopathological characteristics, including pain symptoms. Although pain assessment in rodents is a complicated task requiring qualified researchers, the choice of the behavioral test is no less important, since selecting inappropriate tests can cause erroneous data. Pain is usually measured with reflex tests in which hypersensitivity is evaluated by applying a noxious stimulus, yet this ignores the associated emotional component that could be evaluated via non-reflex tests. We conducted a systematic review of endometriosis models used in rodents and the number of them that studied pain. The type of behavioral test used was also analyzed and classified according to reflex and non-reflex tests. Finally, we determined the most used reflex tests for the study of endometriosis-induced pain and the main non-reflex behavioral tests utilized in visceral pain that can be extrapolated to the study of endometriosis and complement traditional reflex tests.

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“…If the animals feel abdominal pain, they cross this barrier fewer times compared to that wit healthy animals. This novel test was recently developed to assess endometriosis pain [74].…”

Section: Skinner Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodent Animal Models of Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unmet Needs and Resources Available for Improving Translational Research in Endometriosis

Tejada

Antunez

Nunez-Badinez

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Patients who had changed their diets in various ways reported various subjective effects of the dietary interventions ( Vennberg Karlsson et al 2020 ). In animal studies, pain is a less suitable endpoint as it is difficult to measure pain in animals ( van Aken et al 2020 ). In these studies, other endpoints have been defined including lesion size or weight, adhesions, angiogenesis, signs of adhesion or invasiveness of endometrial implants and plasma levels of different cytokines ( Nirgianakis et al 2021 ).…”

Section: What Is the Endpoint?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endometriosis and the effects of dietary interventions: what are we looking for?

Nap

Roos

2022

Reproduction and Fertility

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Endometriosis is the most prevalent benign gynaecologic disease with invalidating effects on quality of life and decreased economic productivity. As pharmacologic and surgical treatment are only partially effective, women look for self-management strategies in order to control their symptoms. Many dietary interventions have been claimed successful. But it is unclear whether these effects are caused by the idea of taking control about symptoms by adhering to a diet, or by the dietary intervention itself. In order to gain more evidence with regard to the mechanisms behind the effect of dietary intervention in the management of endometriosis, a number of issues need to be addressed for future studies. First, we need clearly defined endpoints in our studies. Second, we have to be aware of the difference between the effects of diet on the risk of developing endometriosis, and the effects of diet on symptoms in women with already established endometriosis. Third, it may be difficult to strictly define the intervention diet and the control or placebo diet. Fourth, we have to define endometriosis-related as well as patient-related factors that may influence the success of a dietary intervention. Fifth, we have to understand the biological mechanisms behind the perceived effects of dietary interventions. These issues will be addressed in this opinion paper.

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A Model Framework for the Estimation of Animal ‘Suffering’: Its Use in Predicting and Retrospectively Assessing the Impact of Experiments on Animals

Morton

2023

Animals

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This paper presents and illustrates, with a working example, a hypothesis for the assessment of ongoing severity before and during an experiment that will enable humane endpoints and intervention points to be applied accurately and reproducibly, as well as helping to implement any national legal severity limits in subacute and chronic animal experiments, e.g., as specified by the competent authority. The underlying assumption of the model framework is that the degree of deviation from normality of specified measurable biological criteria will reflect the level of pain, suffering, distress and lasting harm incurred by or during an experiment. The choice of criteria will normally reflect the impact on an animal and have to be chosen by scientists and those caring for the animals. They will usually include measurements of good health such as temperature, body weight, body condition and behaviour, which vary according to the species, husbandry and experimental protocols and, in some species, unusual parameters such as time of the year (e.g., migrating birds). In animal research legislation, endpoints or severity limits may be specified so that individual animals do not suffer unnecessarily or endure severe pain and distress that is long-lasting (Directive 2010/63/EU, Art.15.2). In addition, the overall severity is estimated and classified as part of the harm: benefit licence assessment. I present a mathematical model to analyse the measurement data to determine the degree of harm (or severity) incurred. The results can be used to initiate alleviative treatment if required or if permitted during the course of an experiment. In addition, any animal determined to have breached the severity classification of a procedure can be humanely killed, treated or withdrawn from the experiment. The system incorporates the flexibility to be used in most animal research work by being tailored to the research, the procedures carried out and the species under investigation. The criteria used to score severity can also be used as additional scientific outcome criteria and for an analysis of the scientific integrity of the project.

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An objective and automated method for evaluating abdominal hyperalgesia in a rat model for endometriosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Rodent Animal Models of Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unmet Needs and Resources Available for Improving Translational Research in Endometriosis

Rodent Animal Models of Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unmet Needs and Resources Available for Improving Translational Research in Endometriosis

Endometriosis and the effects of dietary interventions: what are we looking for?

A Model Framework for the Estimation of Animal ‘Suffering’: Its Use in Predicting and Retrospectively Assessing the Impact of Experiments on Animals

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