An observational analysis of the oceanic and atmospheric structure of global-scale multi-decadal variability

Liu, Peng; Sui, Chung‐Hsiung

doi:10.1007/s00376-013-2305-y

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A possible connection between the tropical North Atlantic and tropical Pacific variability has also been suggested (Wu et al, 2007;Ham et al, 2013a,b;, and it seems to be more active during positive AMV phases . However, global warming may also affect this teleconnection (Dong and Zhou, 2014;Liu and Sui, 2014). Improved understanding of interactions between the tropical oceans is needed to advance seasonal to decadal climate predictions and climate change projections (Cai et al, 2019).…”

Section: Modes Of Variability and Tropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tropical Atlantic Observing System

et al. 2019

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Section: Modes Of Variability and Tropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tropical Atlantic Observing System

et al. 2019

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“…The first comprises the action of solar activity (Svensmark et al, 2009), volcanic aerosols (Solomon et al, 2011), anthropogenic aerosols (Kaufmann et al, 2011) and stratospheric water vapor (Solomon et al, 2010). The second is natural variability, which includes the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (Balmaseda et al, 2013), Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) (Meehl et al, 2013) and the absorption of energy by the deep ocean (Liu and Sui 2014). The main cause is the influence exerted by the ocean.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt temperature change and a warming hiatus from 1951 to 2014 in Inner Mongolia, China

Liu

et al. 2019

J. Arid Land

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An abrupt temperature change and a warming hiatus have strongly influenced the global climate. This study focused on these changes in Inner Mongolia, China. This study used the central clustering method, Mann-Kendall mutation test and other methods to explore the abrupt temperature change and warming hiatus in three different temperature zones of the study region based on average annual data series. Among the temperature metrics investigated, average minimum temperature (T nav) shifted the earliest, followed by average temperature (T nv) and average maximum temperature (T xav). The latest change was observed in summer (1990s), whereas the earliest was observed in winter (1970s). Before and after the abrupt temperature change, T nav fluctuated considerably, whereas there was only a slight change in T xav. Before and after the abrupt temperature change, the winter temperature changed more dramatically than the summer temperature. Before the abrupt temperature change, T nav in the central region (0.322°C/10a) and west region (0.48°C/10a) contributed the most to the increasing temperatures. After the abrupt temperature change, T nav in winter in the central region (0.519°C/10a) and in autumn in the west region (0.729°C/10a) contributed the most to the temperature increases. Overall, in the years in which temperature shifts occurred early, a warming hiatus also appeared early. The three temperature metrics in spring (1991) in the east region were the first to exhibit a warming hiatus. In the east region, T xav displayed the lowest rate of increase (0.412°C/a) in the period after the abrupt temperature change and before the warming hiatus, and the highest rate of increase after the warming hiatus.

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“…Previous studies show that the internal low-frequency variability superposes strongly the global warming effects during the recent decades (Dong & Zhou, 2014;Liu & Sui, 2014). The satellite era Atlantic trends are characterized by a conspicuous cross-equatorial gradient with warmer Northern Hemisphere and cooler Southern Hemisphere with respect to the SST and subsurface ocean temperatures, implying regional , 1979-2005.…”

Section: 1029/2019jc015834mentioning

confidence: 96%

A satellite era warming hole in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Nnamchi

Latif

Keenlyside

et al. 2020

Preprint

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<p>Although the globally averaged surface temperature of the Earth has considerably warmed since the beginning of global satellite measurements in 1979, a warming hole, with hardly any surface warming that is most pronounced in boreal summer, has been observed in the equatorial Atlantic region during this period. The warming hole occurs in an extended area of the equatorial Atlantic that includes the cold tongue, the region of locally cooler ocean surface waters that develops just south of the equator in boreal summer, partly reflecting the upwelling of deep cold waters by the action of the southeasterly trade winds. This lack of surface warming of the cold tongue denotes an 11% amplification of the mean annual cycle of the sea surface temperature during the satellite era. The warming hole is driven by an intensification of the equatorial upwelling of cold waters into the ocean surface layers and damped by the surface heat flux. In observations, the tendency for surface cooling appears to reflect intrinsic variability of the climate system and is not unusual during the instrumental period. The warming hole is associated with wind-induced ocean circulation changes to the south and north of the northward of the equator. Coupled model ensembles forced by the observed varying concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases and natural aerosols as well as unforced runs were analyzed. The ensembles suggest a strong role for atmospheric aerosols in the warming hole. However, although aerosols can cause a cooling of the cold tongue, intrinsic climate variability as represented in the unforced experiment can potentially cause larger cooling than has been observed during the satellite era. This study highlights the difficulty in reconciling observations and the climate models for the attribution of the warming hole.</p>

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An observational analysis of the oceanic and atmospheric structure of global-scale multi-decadal variability

Cited by 28 publications

References 51 publications

The Tropical Atlantic Observing System

The Tropical Atlantic Observing System

Abrupt temperature change and a warming hiatus from 1951 to 2014 in Inner Mongolia, China

A satellite era warming hole in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean

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