An observational report of universal GeneXpert testing of inpatients with diagnosed or presumptive TB in the Philippines

Thi, Aye Myat; Lee, Nathaniel; Parris, Victoria; Marin, Flora P; Roy, Lynsil; Calapis, Rugaiya W.; Ariyoshi, Koya; Parry, Christopher M.; Cox, Sharon E.

doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa044

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…All the research showed similar results compared to our research outcomes. These studies concluded that the application of the Gene-Xpert MTB/ RIF assay showed dramatic improvements for the rapid detection of tuberculosis and drug resistance, which offers promising advancements in TB control programs [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic challenges and Gene-Xpert utility in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis among suspected cases of Pulmonary tuberculosis

et al. 2021

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The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can be reduced by preventing transmission with rapid and precise case detection and early treatment. The Gene-Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a useful tool for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) with rifampicin resistance within approximately two hours by using a nucleic acid amplification technique. This study was designed to reduce the underdiagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary TB and to assess the clinical and radiological characteristics of PTB patients. This cross-sectional study included 235 participants who went to the Luyang primary health care clinic from September 2016 to June 2017. The demographic data were analyzed to investigate the association of patient gender, age group, and ethnicity by chi-square test. To assess the efficacy of the diagnostic test, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were calculated. The area under the curve for sputum for both AFB and gene-Xpert was analyzed to compare their accuracy in diagnosing TB. In this study, TB was more common in males than in females. The majority (50.71%) of the cases belonged to the 25–44-year-old age group and the Bajau ethnicity (57.74%). Out of 50 pulmonary TB cases (smear-positive with AFB staining), 49 samples were positive according to the Gene-Xpert MTB/RIF assay and was confirmed by MTB culture. However, out of 185 smear-negative presumptive cases, 21 cases were positive by Gene-Xpert MTB/RIF assay in that a sample showed drug resistance, and these results were confirmed by MTB culture, showing resistance to isoniazid. In comparison to sputum for AFB, Gene-Xpert showed more sensitivity and specificity with almost complete accuracy. The additional 21 PTB cases detection from the presumptive cases by GeneXpert had significant impact compared to initial observation by the routine tests which overcame the diagnostic challenges and ambiguities.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic challenges and Gene-Xpert utility in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis among suspected cases of Pulmonary tuberculosis

et al. 2021

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“…by Gautam et al [11] (26.1%) and Mondal et al [12] (8.91%). In addition, other countries in Asia, showed higher prevalence of RR as in Pakistan [13] (10.2%), Philippines [14] (19.3%), China [15] (5.9%). The difference between our rate and the previous rates may be due to that India and China are countries with high TB burden while Egypt is one of the low/middle TB burden countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of Rifampicin resistance tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Egypt-2021: A National Health Facility-based Survey

Amin¹,

Gadallah

Salah³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The magnitude of MDR-TB cases was noticeable in Egypt. However, the last national survey was 11-years ago. The current survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of rifampicin resistance among sputum smear-positive tuberculosis patients in Egypt. Methods: A national health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Egypt among presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases during the period from August 2020 to September 2021. Rifampicin resistance (RR) was detected using the Gene X-pert MTB/RIF. The prevalence of RR was calculated using crude, cluster, and weighted methods. Factors associated with RR were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate techniques. Results: Among the total 849 presumptive TB patients enrolled in the study, 710 (83.6%) patients were subjected to Gene X-pert testing (MTB/RIF). The crude prevalence of RR was 3.32% (95% CI: 1.89-4.76%) among the new cases and 9.46% (95% CI: 2.63-16.29%) among the retreated cases with an overall estimate of 3.99%; (95% CI: 2.51- 5.47%). By cluster analysis the overall prevalence of RR was 5.01% (95% CI: 2.90–7.13). Factors associated with the prevalence of RR were co-morbidity with bronchial asthma, drug abuse and history of contact with a family member with TB. Conclusion: The prevalence of RR among either new or retreated cases TB patients was lower than the previous rates in 2010-2012. The strongest predictor associated with RR was comorbidity with bronchial asthma.

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Prevalence of Rifampicin resistance tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Egypt-2021: a national health facility-based survey

Amin,

Gadallah,

Salah

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The magnitude of MDR-TB cases was noticeable in Egypt. However, the last national survey was 11-years ago. The current survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of rifampicin resistance among sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Egypt. Methods A national health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 randomly selected governorates in Egypt between August 2020 and September 2021. All presumptive TB cases, either new or previously treated according to WHO definitions, with no gender, age, or nationality limitations, and provided informed consent were included in the study. Each patient completed a case report form (CRF). The CRF included socio-demographic and clinical data. Sputum samples were collected according to standard techniques and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium. Gene X-pert test was carried out first on the samples for simultaneous identification of MTB and rifampicin resistance. The prevalence of RR was calculated using crude, cluster, and weighted methods. Factors associated with RR were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate techniques. Results Among the total 849 presumptive TB patients enrolled in the study, 710 (83.6%) patients were subjected to Gene X-pert testing (MTB/RIF). The crude prevalence of RR was 3.32% (95% CI: 1.89–4.76%) among the new cases and 9.46% (95% CI: 2.63–16.29%) among the retreated cases with an overall estimate of 3.99%; (95% CI: 2.51–5.47%). By cluster analysis the overall prevalence of RR was 5.01% (95% CI: 2.90–7.13). Factors associated with the prevalence of RR were co-morbidity with bronchial asthma, drug abuse and history of contact with a family member with TB. Conclusion The prevalence of RR among either new or retreated cases TB patients was lower than the previous Egyptian rates in 2010–2012. The strongest predictor associated with RR was comorbidity with bronchial asthma.

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An observational report of universal GeneXpert testing of inpatients with diagnosed or presumptive TB in the Philippines

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Diagnostic challenges and Gene-Xpert utility in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis among suspected cases of Pulmonary tuberculosis

Diagnostic challenges and Gene-Xpert utility in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis among suspected cases of Pulmonary tuberculosis

Prevalence of Rifampicin resistance tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Egypt-2021: A National Health Facility-based Survey

Prevalence of Rifampicin resistance tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Egypt-2021: a national health facility-based survey

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