An obstacle-aware human mobility model for ad hoc networks

Abstract

In this work we present an obstacle-aware human mobility model for ad hoc networks. Typical examples where the nodes of mobile ad hoc networks are human-operated are natural or man-made disasters, military activities or healthcare services. In these scenarios, obstacles are an integral part of the areas where such networks are deployed in order to facilitate communication among the firemen, policemen, medics, soldiers, etc. In the proposed mobility model, the nodes of the network move around the obstacles in a natural and realistic way. A recursive procedure is followed by each node according to which every time an obstacle is encountered between the node's current position and the final destination point, the node moves to the obstacle's vertex that is closest to the destination. This process is repeated until the destination is reached. The obstacles are also taken into account in modeling the signal propagation. When a packet is transmitted through an obstacle, the power at which it is received is attenuated by a certain value representing the physical layer phenomena suffered by the signal. The model is implemented as an add-on module in Network Simulator ns-2. A thorough simulation study conducted highlights the differences of the proposed model with other mobility models, by investigating the properties of the resulting network topologies and their impact on network performance.

An obstacle avoidance mobility model

“…Then the node set the edge's vertex which is closer to the destination as its next intermediate destination. The node repeats the same process all over again to go to the chosen vertex, and later to the destination [6]. In this way, however, we may not get the shortest path from the starting point to the destination, and it may not be suitable for emergency situations like battlefield and disaster area where the nodes have to reach destination as soon as possible for saving time and reducing losses.…”

“…The paper [6] proposed another obstacle mobility model called Human Mobility Obstacle (HUMO) model. In the HUMO model, the movement path of a node is computed under the condition that the locations of all the obstacles are known, but it is not the shortest path to get to the destination.…”

Wireless Information-Theoretic Security: Theoretical analysis & experimental measurements with multiple eavesdroppers in an outdoor obstacle-dense MANET

“…This model is called Human Mobility Model (HUMO) and has been developed to simulate realistically mobile ad hoc networks that operate in areas with obstacles under mission critical applications [24], [25]. In general, under the HUMO model, each node moves towards the chosen destination point with a random speed that lies between Umin and Umax.…”

A mobility model for MANET in large Scale disaster scenarios

“…This context was addressed in the previous mobility models [5], [15], [4], [17] and is treated as second case in our mobility model. Hence, in this paper we focus on case I only.…”

“…After the selection of the waypoint, the node moves from current location to the waypoint by avoiding the obstacles [5], [15], [4], [17] when the region is sparse obstacle region. If the region is obstacle free or dense obstacle region, the path is straight line from current waypoint to next waypoint.…”