“…Specifically, we decompose the elastic strain energy into two parts, that is,
,
and only degrade the expansive volumetric and deviatoric parts, while
. To ensure
, as a simple remedy, we replace
with
, which is defined as the pseudo‐temporal maximum of normalized strain energy, while considering a critical value
that restricts the crack to initiate above a threshold strain energy
56,100–102 :
…”