An optical investigation of dual fuel and RCCI pilot ignition in a medium speed engine

Merts, Menno; Derafshzan, Saeed; Hyvönen, Jari; Richter, Mattias; Lundgren, Marcus; Verhelst, Sebastian

doi:10.1016/j.jfueco.2021.100037

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In order to obtain the pressure and temperature at the intake valve closure as initial conditions for 3D calculations, a single-cylinder 0D/1D model of the W20DF naval engine was implemented using commercial software. Its validation has been carried out against the trends of the release of heat as no in-cylinder pressure results were available from References [24,46]. In the model, the supercharging was considered by setting an intake pressure of 1.85 bar as reported in Table 4.…”

Section: One-dimensional Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A back pressure of 2 bar was imposed on the exhaust duct. Since in References [24,46], no data are provided regarding the dimensions of ducts and junctions, these have been set based on the previous experience on a light-duty engine with a bore of 84 cm, reported in [45]. In particular, all the components have been scaled based on the ratio of the bores of the engine under investigation in this paper and the previous one: 200/84 = 2.38; therefore, an approximate multiplicative value of 2.5 was applied.…”

Section: One-dimensional Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1D numerical model was calibrated starting from experimental data available in literature on the W20DF engine by Wärtsilä. For this purpose, the papers [24,46] were taken as reference. The engine geometric characteristics, the valve timing, the operating conditions (medium load), and fuels properties are reported in Tables 2-5, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to highlight that with respect to the characteristics of the fuels reported in the cited papers [24,46], MK1 diesel and natural gas, the authors used n-dodecane and pure methane that do not feature the same exact properties. Therefore, these differences do not allow for careful reproduction of the experimental data, but the purpose of the authors was exclusively to get the main information on the combustion timing and development under specific operating conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Cameretti,

De Robbio,

Palomba

2023

Energies

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Compression ignition engines will still be predominant in the naval sector: their high efficiency, high torque, and heavy weight perfectly suit the demands and architecture of ships. Nevertheless, recent emission legislations impose limitations to the pollutant emissions levels in this sector as well. In addition to post-treatment systems, it is necessary to reduce some pollutant species, and, therefore, the study of combustion strategies and new fuels can represent valid paths for limiting environmental harmful emissions such as CO2. The use of methane in dual fuel mode has already been implemented on existent vessels, but the progressive decarbonization will lead to the utilization of carbon-neutral or carbon-free fuels such as, in the last case, hydrogen. Thanks to its high reactivity nature, it can be helpful in the reduction of exhaust CH4. On the contrary, together with the high temperatures achieved by its oxidation, hydrogen could cause uncontrolled ignition of the premixed charge and high emissions of NOx. As a matter of fact, a source of ignition is still necessary to have better control on the whole combustion development. To this end, an optimal and specific injection strategy can help to overcome all the before-mentioned issues. In this study, three-dimensional numerical simulations have been performed with the ANSYS Forte® software (version 19.2) in an 8.8 L dual fuel engine cylinder supplied with methane, hydrogen, or hydrogen–methane blends with reference to experimental tests from the literature. A new kinetic mechanism has been used for the description of diesel fuel surrogate oxidation with a set of reactions specifically addressed for the low temperatures together with the GRIMECH 3.0 for CH4 and H2. This kinetics scheme allowed for the adequate reproduction of the ignition timing for the various mixtures used. Preliminary calculations with a one-dimensional commercial code were performed to retrieve the initial conditions of CFD calculations in the cylinder. The used approach demonstrated to be quite a reliable tool to predict the performance of a marine engine working under dual fuel mode with hydrogen-based blends at medium load. As a result, the system modelling shows that using hydrogen as fuel in the engine can achieve the same performance as diesel/natural gas, but when hydrogen totally replaces methane, CO2 is decreased up to 54% at the expense of the increase of about 76% of NOx emissions.

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Section: One-dimensional Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: One-dimensional Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Cameretti,

De Robbio,

Palomba

2023

Energies

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“…This model is designed to evaluate the spray temporal evolution under transient thermodynamic conditions to be able to evaluate incylinder fuel injections [30]. Although the injection durations used in the experimental campaign are very short, previous optical research on this engine [31] showed the injections develop as a traditional diesel spray.…”

Section: Spray Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Model for the Start of Combustion Timing in the Range from RCCI to Conventional Dual Fuel

Merts¹,

Robles²,

Monsalve‐Serrano³

et al. 2022

SAE Technical Paper Series

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In the challenge to reduce CO2, NOx and PM emissions, the application of natural gas or biogas in engines is a viable approach. In heavy duty and marine, either a conventional dual fuel (CDF), or a reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) approach is feasible on existing diesel engines. In both technologies a pilot diesel injection is used to ignite the premixed natural gas. However, the influence of injection-timing and -pressure on the start of combustion timing (SOC) is opposite between both modes. For a single operating point these relations can be explained by a detailed CFD simulation, but an intuitive overall explanation is lacking. This makes it difficult to incorporate both modes into one engine application, using a single controller. In an experimental campaign by the authors, on a medium speed engine, the lowest emissions were found to be very close to the SOC corresponding to the transition from RCCI to CDF. This highlights the relevance of having one overall control-scheme for the start of combustion. Principally the start of combustion boils down to having the required equivalence ratio (ϕ) and temperature (T). By using a 1D spray simulation the distribution of ϕ was investigated. Combined with a kinetic scheme and a thermodynamic engine analysis the earliest occurrence of an ignitable ϕ -T combination could be depicted. Graphically shown as an ignitability island during the engine cycle, this gives an intuitive prediction of SOC and its relationship with the start of injection (SOI), rail pressure, and airand fuel-amount. It also shows the distinction between CDF and RCCI. For CDF the combustion starts when the ignitability island is approached from the rich side. For RCCI it is approached from the lean side. The described relationships could make it possible to incorporate both RCCI and CDF modes into one engine controller.

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An optical investigation on the effects of split-injection on hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/gasoline dual-fuel engine under cold start conditions

Xu,

Jiang,

Zhong

et al. 2024

Applied Thermal Engineering

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An optical investigation of dual fuel and RCCI pilot ignition in a medium speed engine

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Conceptual Model for the Start of Combustion Timing in the Range from RCCI to Conventional Dual Fuel

An optical investigation on the effects of split-injection on hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/gasoline dual-fuel engine under cold start conditions

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