An Optical Sampling System for Distributed Atmospheric Particulate Matter

Lombardo, Luca; Parvis, Marco; Angelini, Emma Paola Maria Virginia; Grassini, Sabrina

doi:10.1109/tim.2019.2890885

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Other areas of application may include scientific research where air monitoring stations are required to provide accurate measurements to avoid misleading results. Thus, this work has several potential applications aimed to protect the environment, safeguard human health and support scientific research, as previously implemented in [51]- [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Design and Evaluation of a Reliable Low-Cost Atmospheric Pollution Station in Urban Environment

2020

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The pollution of the air constitutes an environmental risk to health, crops, animals, forests and water. There are several policies for reducing air pollution regarding industry, energy, transportation, and agriculture. Unfortunately, there is limited monitoring of the air quality in cities and rural areas for supervising the accomplishment of these policies. Reliable monitoring of air pollutants is, typically, based on expensive fixed stations, which constitutes a barrier to tackle. This research presents the design, implementation and evaluation of a small, low-cost, station for monitoring atmospheric pollution. The prototype registers ozone (O 3) and carbon monoxide (CO) using inexpensive sensors. To assure high reliability of the measurements obtained by the sensors installed in this station, it is proposed a calibration procedure based on the selection of the best performance analysis of the following machine learning techniques: multiple linear regression, artificial neural networks, and random forest. Additionally, a decision rule is implemented to select an optimal combination of sensors for the estimation models, while the sample timestamp is considered as a temporal heuristic at the input of the system, assuming similarities in the daily environmental dynamics. In order to test the station in a realistic scenario, the calibration and evaluation sets were taken in two different time frames of one and two months, respectively. The overall process was implemented with reference data coming from a certified air quality fixed station in the city of Cuenca-Ecuador. Experimental results showed that the real-time reports of ozone provided by the prototype are quite similar to the fixed station during the evaluation period, with a resulting correlation of up to r = 0.92 and r = 0.91 in the calibration and evaluation set, respectively. However, signal drift and aging in CO x sensors diminished the accuracy of carbon monoxide calibration models, resulting in lower correlation (r ≤ 0.76) with the evaluation set.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Design and Evaluation of a Reliable Low-Cost Atmospheric Pollution Station in Urban Environment

2020

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“…The potential applications for IoT and LoRa/LoRaWAN are huge; 15 from e-health 16,17 and smart-grids 18,19 to intelligent transportation systems 20 and climate change. 21 For instance, low-cost, low-consumption nanosensors can be incorporated into clothes and accessories to monitor vital signs in patients; a mobile phone can act as a gateway to gather information and send it to a cloud system for further processing. 16 Indeed, the performance of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) could even be improved using LoRa in gateway-to-cloud communication, with the corresponding advantages.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel holistic approach for performance evaluation in Internet of Things

Martinez‐Caro

Cano

2020

Int J Communication

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Summary The deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions in smart cities or industrial environments (Industrial IoT, IIoT) demands careful consideration in terms of user‐centric or system‐centric target metrics. A better monitoring system able to transform performance outputs into decision‐making and intelligent actions requires less restrictive performance evaluation methods. Classic approaches to performance evaluation in telecommunication networks rely on Quality of Service (QoS) and/or Quality of user Experience (QoE) assessment models. However, the new IoT paradigm establishes a completely different scenario, where, for instance, consumers might no longer be users but machines. In this paper, we propose the evaluation of the performance of IoT services and applications comprising the combination of four quality measures, namely, Quality of Data (QoD), Quality of Information (QoI), Quality of user Experience (QoE), and Quality Cost (QC). The proposal is analyzed using computing simulations. Specifically, we improve the simulation tool FLoRa (Framework for LoRa) incorporating additional LoRa Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) features. LoRaWAN is a Low‐Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology that operates on the LoRa modulation scheme. Long coverage ranges, low power consumption, and support for a massive number of IoT devices using a limited infrastructure are the main assets of LoRaWAN, establishing it as one of the top IoT technologies. Results show that it is easier and more efficient to disassociate metrics into different dimensions in order to provide a clear vision of the performance of IoT services. This performance evaluation method can be customized and applied to different IoT markets.

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“…These particles can be generated either by the activity of the human being (for example, when they are emitted by the industrial towers in the burning of fossil fuels) or by natural phenomena (for example, volcanic eruptions) [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, technology for the constant monitoring of the health of the atmosphere has undergone a significant transformation, in terms of the design of high-precision equipment to measure and assess air quality in nowadays cities. For example, in [1], a low-cost optical system aimed at performing real-time measurements of particulate matter was developed. In short, the system proposed in [1] consists of an inlet tube through which external air enters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in [1], a low-cost optical system aimed at performing real-time measurements of particulate matter was developed. In short, the system proposed in [1] consists of an inlet tube through which external air enters. Then, this air enters into an inlet chamber and crosses a filter, where particulate matter of dimension greater than the filter mesh size is stopped.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Information Obtained From PM_2.5 Concentration Measurements in an Urban Park

Hernández

Méndez

Žalakevičiūtė

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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In this article, parametric and nonparametric statistical inference analysis of a set the measurements of air pollution because of PM 2.5 concentrations was performed. The research work was carried out in an urban park in Quito, Ecuador. Specifically, the park that was chosen to perform the analysis was La Carolina Park. The analysis carried out here was aimed at obtaining the statistical models for parts of this urban park under study and some of its border streets. Furthermore, the park and its border streets were modeled as random variables that were finally classified according to the amount of PM 2.5 concentration levels they carry. This classification was performed by using a method based on both Friedman's test and the categories of the index of air quality of Quito. The results of this article showed that air pollution levels because of PM 2.5 concentrations in La Carolina Park are not in alert level. The worst case, considering the analysis tools used in this article, is that one of the streets that border the park is in caution level. The other streets and parts of the park that were analyzed are either in a desirable level or in an acceptable level. Furthermore, in this article, it has been shown that as pedestrian and temporary residents move further away from the trees and vegetation of the park, the level of exposure to PM 2.5 concentrations that they experience is higher.

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An Optical Sampling System for Distributed Atmospheric Particulate Matter

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Design and Evaluation of a Reliable Low-Cost Atmospheric Pollution Station in Urban Environment

Design and Evaluation of a Reliable Low-Cost Atmospheric Pollution Station in Urban Environment

A novel holistic approach for performance evaluation in Internet of Things

Analysis of the Information Obtained From PM_2.5 Concentration Measurements in an Urban Park

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An Optical Sampling System for Distributed Atmospheric Particulate Matter

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Design and Evaluation of a Reliable Low-Cost Atmospheric Pollution Station in Urban Environment

Design and Evaluation of a Reliable Low-Cost Atmospheric Pollution Station in Urban Environment

A novel holistic approach for performance evaluation in Internet of Things

Analysis of the Information Obtained From PM2.5 Concentration Measurements in an Urban Park

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Product

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Analysis of the Information Obtained From PM_2.5 Concentration Measurements in an Urban Park