While prior research provides considerable evidence for the existence of relationship between supplier selection and Business Process Improvement (BPI), it yields little insight into the level of the relationship.By examining the level of the relationship between supplier selection and BPI practices, the present study contributes to the body of knowledge in both fields through identifying and examining the linkages between two topics based on a developed We begin by reviewing the relevant literature and developing the conceptual research model. We describe key supplier selection and BPI constructs, elaborate on the interrelationships among these variables and pose a series of testable hypotheses regarding the linkages between supplier selection and BPI constructs. Next, we discuss methodological issues related to developing and validating the measures of constructs as well as data collection and analysis procedures. Thereafter, we present and discuss the 1 Doctoral Thesis Reza Mohammady Garfamy results of our substantive tests that involve linear regression models. We conclude by considering the implications for both research and practice and provide recommendations for broadening the scope of future research of supplier selection and BPI.2 Doctoral Thesis