An optimized DEM‐SPH model for surge waves induced by riverside landslides

Abstract

Riverside landslides can induce surge waves during the process of entering water. The landslide‐induced surge wave is often regarded as a significant secondary disaster, as its impact region is likely to be even more remarkable than the landslide itself. Due to the large deformation of the soil landslide and water body during the evolution of surge waves, commonly adopted multi‐phase flow models and mesh‐based methods coupled with discrete element models have some limitations, such as weak accuracy, and simulation distortion with immature coupling algorithms. As a result, the pure meshless method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) coupling discrete element methods (DEM) become promising. Modified from the traditional empirical formulae‐based coupling algorithm, this study proposes a semi‐resolved algorithm that effectively eliminates the particle distortion at the fluid‐solid coupling interface. The proposed model demonstrates its superiority through a comparison of the pressure and porosity near the coupling interface. Furthermore, the optimized DEM‐SPH model is applied to simulate landslide‐induced surge waves, and the simulation results have also validated the accuracy of the model. This model is capable of accurately simulating the entire propagation process from landslide entry into water to the wave reaching the opposite shore, and therefore provides an effective tool for the prediction and mitigation of wave hazards caused by landslides.

Numerical simulation of potential impulse waves generated by the Mogu rock landslide at varying water levels in the Lianghekou Reservoir, China

“…Numerical simulations are characterized by high efficiency, convenience, lower cost, strong repeatability, and high visualization (Franco et al 2021, Kim et al 2020, Yavari-Ramshe and Ataie-Ashtiani 2016. Currently, the most commonly used numerical methods for investigating the dynamic propagation process of impulse waves include computational fluid dynamics (CFD), water wave dynamics, and the integration with other methods such as the discrete element method (DEM), finite element method (FEM), and point method (MPM) (Li et al 2023, Masó et al 2022. Xu et al (2021) coupled DEM with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and developed CoDEM software to simulate the motion of Vajont landslide.…”

Numerical simulation of potential impulse waves generated by Mogu toppling rock slope at varying water levels in Lianghekou Reservoir, China

“…At present, the more commonly used numerical methods to study the dynamic process and propagation characteristics of the impulse waves include smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), computational fluid dynamics (CFD), water wave dynamics, and the coupling of these methods with the discrete element method (DEM), finite element method (FEM), material point method (MPM), etc. (Li et al 2023, Masó et al 2022, Xu et al 2021. Wang JG et al (2021) adopted the finite-discrete element method (FDEM) to predict the landslide kinetics at failure, which are then used as the initiation for SPH modelling.…”