An optimized methodology to analyze biopolymer capsules by environmental scanning electron microscopy

Conforto, Egle; Joguet, Nicolas; Buisson, Pierre; Vendeville, Jean-Eudes; Chaigneau, Carine; Maugard, Thierry

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2014.11.054

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the more collapsed structure of freeze‐dried capsules indicates that total volume of freeze‐dried capsule should be potentially lower than undried capsules. If metallization has been used with the capsules, the compression could have been greater and the volume lower (Conforto et al., 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vacuum to which capsules were exposed to and the absence of metal deposition and heating from metal sputtering procedure was chosen to prevent damage to the capsules, based on previous literature (Conforto et al., 2015). Samples were exposed to a 30‐kV‐electron beam mode using a gaseous secondary electron (GSE) detector between 0.8 and 1.0 Torr of water vapor pressure in ESEM for at least 5 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical properties of soy protein hydrolysate and its formulation and stability with encapsulated probiotic under in vitro gastrointestinal environment

Edwards

Hettiarachchy

Kumar

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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The objective of this study was to prepare protein isolate from defatted soybean and identify an optimal hydrolysis protocol to create improved hydrolysates and ascertain the optimum encapsulation technique for probiotics. Soy protein isolate (SPI) was prepared using an alkaline extraction procedure for solubility within a neutral, beverage-specific pH range. The soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was prepared from aqueous extracted SPI using pepsin. The physicochemical properties of the SPH were investigated by solubility,degree of hydrolysis (DH),surface hydrophobicity,and electrophoresis. Hydrolysates from 2, 2.5, and 3 hr of hydrolysis time achieved the suitable DH between 2.5% to 5.0%. The 2.5 to 3 hr hydrolysates were also significantly more soluble than SPI at all pH levels from 85% to 95% solubility. Surface hydrophobicity of the hydrolysates ranged from 15 to 20 S 0 values. Alginate (1%), resistant starch (2%), and probiotic culture (0.1%) were used as an encapsulation agent to protect probiotics. Alginate microcapsules were observed to be 1 mm in size using environmental scanning electron microscopy. The dried SPH and encapsulated probiotics with alginate in a dry powder formulation were tested for its gastrointestinal resistance and probiotic viability under in vitro simulated digestion. Approximately 1-log decrease was observed for all experimental groups after simulated digestion (final log colony forming units [CFU]/mL range: 6.55 to 6.19) with free probiotics having the lowest log CFU/mL (6.10 ± 0.10) value. No significant difference was observed among experimental groups for probiotic viability (P = 0.445). The findings of this research will provide an understanding of formulation for easily digestible protein and encapsulated probiotics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical properties of soy protein hydrolysate and its formulation and stability with encapsulated probiotic under in vitro gastrointestinal environment

Edwards

Hettiarachchy

Kumar

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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“…In brief, the interactions between HCPS or HCPL and WPC were evident. The smooth surface of the complex microstructures could have been due to the use of metal coating ( 40 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant activity and interactions between whey protein and polysaccharides from different parts of Houttuynia cordata

et al. 2023

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Houttuynia cordata polysaccharides (PSY) are known to exhibit a variety of beneficial activities, but these are currently not specifically utilized in food. Hence, using the two edible parts of Houttuynia cordata, a herbaceous plant native to Southeast Asia, this study developed polysaccharides of a stem (HCPS)-whey protein concentrate (WPC) complex and a leaf (HCPL)-WPC complex, and studied their stability, structure and antioxidant activity. The results showed that stability differed in complexes with different proportions, exhibiting only relative stability in the two complexes in which the ratio of HCPS-WPC and HCPL-WPC was 1:4, but increased stability in the HCPL-WPC complex (ζ-potential of HCPL-WPC: | -21.87 mv| >ζ-potential of HCPS-WPC: | -21.70 mv|). Structural characterization showed that there was electrostatic interaction between HCPS and WPC and between HCPL and WPC. The HCPL-WPC was found to have better antioxidant activity. The findings of this study, thus, provide a reference for the development of Houttuynia cordata polysaccharide applications in food.

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“…Meanwhile electrons removed from gas atoms by ionization are collected by the detector and the corresponding image is formed providing topographical information similar to that obtained with SE [172]. The environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) was effectively applied to the different biopolymeric capsules (garlic extract entrapped by fat; salt particles coated by gelatine or fat; a wet alginate bead) providing data on the quality of capsule fabrication process and the functionality of the capsule original surface [173]. It should be noted that our literature review did not reveal any attempt to use environmental EM for the study of HNTs/biopolymer composites.…”

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it was mentioned above, HNT and a majority of biopolymers (and biological samples in general) are prone to degradation under continuous TEM radiation (e.g., Figure 7). In spite of the fact that SEM radiation is less energetic than TEM one, substances like fat with low fusion temperature are still very sensitive and require a decrease of either vacuum level or electron dose [173]. The latter is also of a great importance in in situ EM since high energetic electrons induce water radiolysis which might be harmful due to oxygen and hydroxyl radicals [177,180].…”

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Antimicrobial Halloysite/Biopolymer Composites with Electron Microscopy: Advantages and Limitations

et al. 2021

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Halloysite is a tubular clay nanomaterial of the kaolin group with a characteristic feature of oppositely charged outer and inner surfaces, allowing its selective spatial modification. The natural origin and specific properties of halloysite make it a potent material for inclusion in biopolymer composites with polysaccharides, nucleic acids and proteins. The applications of halloysite/biopolymer composites range from drug delivery and tissue engineering to food packaging and the creation of stable enzyme-based catalysts. Another important application field for the halloysite complexes with biopolymers is surface coatings resistant to formation of microbial biofilms (elaborated communities of various microorganisms attached to biotic or abiotic surfaces and embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix). Within biofilms, the microorganisms are protected from the action of antibiotics, engendering the problem of hard-to-treat recurrent infectious diseases. The clay/biopolymer composites can be characterized by a number of methods, including dynamic light scattering, thermo gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy as well as a range of microscopic techniques. However, most of the above methods provide general information about a bulk sample. In contrast, the combination of electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy allows assessment of the appearance and composition of biopolymeric coatings on individual nanotubes or the distribution of the nanotubes in biopolymeric matrices. In this review, recent contributions of electron microscopy to the studies of halloysite/biopolymer composites are reviewed along with the challenges and perspectives in the field.

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An optimized methodology to analyze biopolymer capsules by environmental scanning electron microscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Physicochemical properties of soy protein hydrolysate and its formulation and stability with encapsulated probiotic under in vitro gastrointestinal environment

Physicochemical properties of soy protein hydrolysate and its formulation and stability with encapsulated probiotic under in vitro gastrointestinal environment

Antioxidant activity and interactions between whey protein and polysaccharides from different parts of Houttuynia cordata

Probing Antimicrobial Halloysite/Biopolymer Composites with Electron Microscopy: Advantages and Limitations

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