An Optimized Topology for Next-to-Next Balancing of Series-Connected Lithium-ion Cells

Phung, Thanh Hai; Collet, Alexandre; Crébier, Jean-Christophe

doi:10.1109/tpel.2013.2284797

Cited by 184 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Inductor based methods [19][20][21] require only inductors and MOSFETs. Therefore, the sizes of these solutions are small, and the costs are low.…”

Section: Comparison With Conventional Equalizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, active balancing methods have higher balancing capacity and efficiency than the passive equalization ones. They can be further divided into three groups, which are capacitor based [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], inductor based [19][20][21], and transformer based [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] methods. Among these active balancing topologies, switched-capacitor (SC) based solutions have the inherent advantages of smaller size, lower cost, simpler control, and higher efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Cell-to-Cell Equalizer Based on Three-Resonant-State Switched-Capacitor Converters for Series-Connected Battery Strings

et al. 2017

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Due to the low cost, small size, and ease of control, the switched-capacitor (SC) battery equalizers are promising among active balancing methods. However, it is difficult to achieve the full cell equalization for the SC equalizers due to the inevitable voltage drops across Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) switches. Moreover, when the voltage gap among cells is larger, the balancing efficiency is lower, while the balancing speed becomes slower as the voltage gap gets smaller. In order to soften these downsides, this paper proposes a cell-to-cell battery equalization topology with zero-current switching (ZCS) and zero-voltage gap (ZVG) among cells based on three-resonant-state SC converters. Based on the conventional inductor-capacitor (LC) converter, an additional resonant path is built to release the charge of the capacitor into the inductor in each switching cycle, which lays the foundations for obtaining ZVG among cells, improves the balancing efficiency at a large voltage gap, and increases the balancing speed at a small voltage gap. A four-lithium-ion-cell prototype is applied to validate the theoretical analysis. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed topology has good equalization performances with fast equalization, ZCS, and ZVG among cells.

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“…Inductor based methods [19][20][21] require only inductors and MOSFETs. Therefore, the sizes of these solutions are small, and the costs are low.…”

Section: Comparison With Conventional Equalizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cell-to-Cell Equalizer Based on Three-Resonant-State Switched-Capacitor Converters for Series-Connected Battery Strings

et al. 2017

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“…In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the two-stage energy storage equalization system designed in this paper, lithium-ion battery model and equalized topology circuit model are set up in the simulation environment of MATLAB / SIMULINK [17,18], where Bi, packi are cells and battery pack modules respectively, Vi/ Ci collects battery voltages or current in real time on behalf of voltage/current acquisition modules, Si represents MOSFET switch that are used for controlling the state of circuit model, Strategy is the same as controller which processes the voltage signals collected by Vi. If it is judged that the energy between the lithium-ion battery packs and the cells in the pack is not consistent, the controller outputs the control signals according to control strategy.…”

Section: Establish Of Simulation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-stage energy storage equalization system for lithium-ion battery pack

Chen

Yang

Dong

et al. 2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Abstract. How to raise the efficiency of energy storage and maximize storage capacity is a core problem in current energy storage management. For that, two-stage energy storage equalization system which contains two-stage equalization topology and control strategy based on a symmetric multi-winding transformer and DC-DC (direct current-direct current) converter is proposed with bidirectional active equalization theory, in order to realize the objectives of consistent lithium-ion battery packs voltages and cells voltages inside packs by using a method of the Range. Modeling analysis demonstrates that the voltage dispersion of lithium-ion battery packs and cells inside packs can be kept within 2 percent during charging and discharging. Equalization time was 0.5 ms, which shortened equalization time of 33.3 percent compared with DC-DC converter. Therefore, the proposed two-stage lithium-ion battery equalization system can achieve maximum storage capacity between lithium-ion battery packs and cells inside packs, meanwhile efficiency of energy storage is significantly improved. IntroductionEnergy storage technology is a crucial part of six steps containing adoption-generate powertransmission-distribution-utilization of power-energy storage in power grid operation, implementing effectively management of supply side, peak shaving and load shifting, which can efficiently utilize power equipment and reduce the power cost. The development of lithium-ion battery for large-scale energy storage systems enable this technology to address high energy density, long cycle life, high standard voltage, and other factors, which are in line with the current green requirements of sustainable development. Energy storage technology is available for large-scale applications, such as electric vehicle, light railway vehicle, smart building, etc [1][2][3]. The success of these applications of energy storage will depend on how to maximize storage energy and raise the efficiency of stored energy [4], therefore, energy storage equalization technology is a key expectation at present. Many scholars have made in-depth research and design for energy storage equalization topology of the Lithium-ion battery at home and abroad. Two main categories are as follows: dissipative equalization and non-dissipative equalization. The dissipative equalization refers to dissipate redundant energy in the form of heat through the parallel resistance on both ends of the battery, and it is with advantages of simplicity, speediness, high reliability, but low energy efficiency and thermal management issues [5,6]. Non-dissipative equalization is that energy is transferred between the cells through the inductor or capacitor, which has various circuit forms: Ye Y M [7], Bruen T [8] and their fellows have proposed the combination usage of switch and capacitor to achieve energy transfer

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“…All the layers can equalize their corresponding cell groups simultaneously. Han has done a systematic comparison between parallel architecture equalizer (PAE) based on buck-boost converters, traditional inductor-based adjacent equalizer (IBAE) [18], parallel architecture equalizer based on a multi-wind transformer (PAEBMWT) [25] and double-tiered switched-capacitor equalizer (DTSCE) [10]. The comparison results show that the PAE has a good performance in balancing speed, balancing efficiency, and control complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Layered Bidirectional Equalizer Based on a Buck-Boost Converter for Series-Connected Battery Strings

et al. 2017

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Abstract:To eliminate the influence of the inconsistency on the cycle life and the available capacity of battery packs, and improve the balancing speed, a novel inductor-based layered bidirectional equalizer (IBLBE) is proposed. The equalizer is composed of two layers of balancing circuits connected in parallel. Each layer contains multiple balancing sub-circuits based on buck-boost converters. These balancing sub-circuits can equalize the corresponding cells simultaneously, and allow the dynamic adjustment of equalization path and equalization threshold. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate the IBLBE has a higher level balancing speed than other equalizers based on switched-capacitor or switched-inductor converters, and reduces the balancing time by 30% compared to existing inductor-based parallel architecture equalizers (PAEs). Experimental results are presented to validate the analysis and effectiveness of the proposed equalizer.

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An Optimized Topology for Next-to-Next Balancing of Series-Connected Lithium-ion Cells

Cited by 184 publications

References 24 publications

A Cell-to-Cell Equalizer Based on Three-Resonant-State Switched-Capacitor Converters for Series-Connected Battery Strings

A Cell-to-Cell Equalizer Based on Three-Resonant-State Switched-Capacitor Converters for Series-Connected Battery Strings

Two-stage energy storage equalization system for lithium-ion battery pack

A Novel Layered Bidirectional Equalizer Based on a Buck-Boost Converter for Series-Connected Battery Strings

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