An Optoelectronics-Based Sensor for Measuring Multi-Axial Shear Stresses

McGeehan, Michael A.; Karipott, Salil Sidharthan; Hahn, Michael E.; Morgenroth, David C.; Ong, Keat Ghee

doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3117935

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Future work will seek to implement and evaluate this sensor for practical analytical applications. Specifically, next steps include combining the compressive force sensor with a two-axis optical shear force sensor [ 20 ] for complete three-axis force measurements. Future work will seek to integrate the three-axis force sensor into footwear for continuous gait biomechanics monitoring.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Optoelectronics-Based Compressive Force Sensor with Scalable Sensitivity

Pennel,

McGeehan,

Ong

2023

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is an increasing need to accurately measure compressive force for biomedical and industrial applications. However, this need has not been fully addressed, as many sensors are bulky, have high power requirements, and/or are susceptible to electromagnetic interference. This paper presents an optoelectronics-based force sensor that can overcome the limitations of many sensors in the market. The sensor uses a light emitting diode (LED) to transmit visible broad-spectrum light into a photoresistor through an optically clear spacer on top of an elastomeric medium. In the absence of an external force, the light path is mostly blocked by the opaque elastomeric medium. Under a compressive force, the clear spacer compresses the elastomer, moving itself into the light path, and thus increasing the overall light transmission. The amount of light received by the photoresistor is used to quantify compressive force based on elastomer displacement/compression and a priori knowledge of elastomer stiffness. This sensing scheme was tested under eight different configurations: two different sized sensors with four types of elastomers per size (20A neoprene, 30A neoprene, 50A neoprene, and 75A styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)). All configurations measured force with R2 > 0.97, RMSE < 1.9 N, and sensitivity values ranging from 17 to 485 N/V. This sensing scheme provides a low-cost, low-power method for accurate force sensing with a wide force range.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical approaches have been successfully implemented for measuring multi-axial shear forces in wearable devices [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. It was demonstrated that shear force can be accurately measured using an LED and a photoresistor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optoelectronics-Based Compressive Force Sensor with Scalable Sensitivity

Pennel,

McGeehan,

Ong

2023

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[14]. A recent investigation that was carried out by [15] has demonstrated that the utilization of 15 % carbon-fiber reinforcements results in a rise of 17 % in flexural strength.…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying some regularities of the fatigue behavior of the reinforced carbon-fiber with Al2O3 nanoparticles composite structure of the prosthesis foot

Shomran¹,

Faisal

Hussein

et al. 2023

EEJET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this research Carbon-Fiber with AL2O3 Nanoparticles Composite Structure of the Prosthesis foot has been examined and analysed numerically explain the fatigue behaviour of the prosthesis. Nanoparticles made of AL2O3 were incorporated into the production process of the composite structure of the prosthesis foot in the appropriate manner. The life forecast, the damage indicator, and the Biaxiliray indexation were the three primary considerations that went into the process of studying the composite construction of the prosthesis foot. The life prediction was the most important factor. Experiments on the phenomena of fatigue have been carried out with the stress being entirely reversed as the variable in order to ensure that the findings are in keeping with the theory that was proposed by GoodMan. In order to develop an estimate for these characteristics, the dynamic load that was applied, which was 1000 N, was utilised. It used the dynamic load that was applied in order to produce an estimate for these characteristics so that we could better understand them. The results of the computational research showed that the life prediction could be increased to 106 cycles by applying a primary force of 1000 N. This was shown by the findings of the studyThis was demonstrated by the findings. While the same load application was being carried out, the Biaxiliray indexation attained a value of 0.99. In addition to the research that was done on the damage indicator, the numerical findings demonstrated that the damage can be seen after the initial 1000 cycles of stress have been applied. This was demonstrated both by the research that was done on the damage indicator as well as by the numerical findings

show abstract

“…Sensors 2024, 24, 3498 2 of 12 A shear force sensor was developed and described by McGeehan and coworkers [12][13][14] that detected the red (R), green (G), blue (B), and white (C, clear/full visible spectrum) spectra of a broad-spectrum LED light that was reflected from a color grid [12][13][14]. In the study, a ninecolor square grid was made up of green in the center, magenta in the four diagonal corners, and blue and red on opposite sides of the center [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optical Sensor for Measuring Displacement between Parallel Surfaces

Ahamed,

McGeehan,

Ong

2024

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An optoelectronic sensor was developed to measure the in-plane displacement between two parallel surfaces. This sensor used a photodetector, which was placed on one of the parallel surfaces, to measure the intensity of the red (R), green (G), blue (B), and white/clear (C) light spectra of a broad-spectrum light that was reflected off a color grid on the opposing surface. The in-plane displacement between these two surfaces caused a change in the reflected RGB and C light intensity, allowing the prediction of the displacement direction and magnitude by using a polynomial regression prediction algorithm to convert the RGB and C light intensity to in-plane displacement. Results from benchtop experiments showed that the sensor can achieve accurate displacement predictions with a coefficient of determination R2 > 0.97, a root mean squared error (RMSE) < 0.3 mm, and a mean absolute error (MAE) < 0.36 mm. By measuring the in-plane displacement between two surfaces, this sensor can be applied to measure the shear of a flexible layer, such as a shoe’s insole or the lining of a limb prosthesis. This sensor would allow slippage detection in wearable devices such as orthotics, prostheses, and footwear to quantify the overfitting or underfitting of these devices.

show abstract

An Optoelectronics-Based Sensor for Measuring Multi-Axial Shear Stresses

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

An Optoelectronics-Based Compressive Force Sensor with Scalable Sensitivity

An Optoelectronics-Based Compressive Force Sensor with Scalable Sensitivity

Identifying some regularities of the fatigue behavior of the reinforced carbon-fiber with Al2O3 nanoparticles composite structure of the prosthesis foot

An Optical Sensor for Measuring Displacement between Parallel Surfaces

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About