“…Although previous reseruch has been conducted at different levels (e.g., industry, firm, division or other sub-groups of a firm), we limit our discussion to research conducted at the level of the firm or major business unit---the level of analysis of this study, Two exogenous contextual factors that have been examined in relation to firm-level management accounting and control practices are: the nature of competition and environmental uncertainty (Khandwalla, 1972;Govindarajan, 1984); and, national culture (Gray, 1988;Skousen & Yang, 1988;Perera, 1989;Frucot and Shearon 1991;O'Connor, 1995).1 Consistent with the strategy-structureperformance paradigm, the most common endogenous factor that has been considered in relation to management accounting practices is firm strategy (Simons, 1987;Govindarajan, 1985Govindarajan, , 1988Govindarajan & Fisher, 1990;Dent, 1990). Other endogenous factors that have been considered are technology (Waterhouse & Tlessen, 1978;Ginzberg, 1980) and organizational culture (Thomas, 1989;O'Connor, 1995).…”