An Oriented Nanoporous Membrane Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Abstract

[27] The known refractive index of 1.37 of the 6.84 lm diameter core sphere was used without adjustment in Mie calculations for coated spheres. The best fit to the data was obtained with a shell refractive index of 1.846 and an outer sphere diameter of 7.746 lm. The fitted coating size is consistent with the experimentally measured diameter of 7.66 ± 0.11 lm, as determined by SEM images of similar samples and the experimental results from spectroscopic ellipsometry, which show that the index of refraction varies from 1.82 to 1.83 over the wavelength range of 600 to 700 nm. The refractive index (approx. 0.14 greater relative to a similar film without NCs) is consistent with the incorporation of a large (14.8 %) volume fraction of nanocrystals into the titania matrix. Note that the SEM results reveal that the sphere coating is thicker than the substrate film, perhaps due to the surface tension of the liquid sol surrounding the sphere core upon spin-casting. Differences in the fitted and measured values for the refractive index are likely due to the dependence of the index on the volume fraction of CdSe in the matrix, which varies from sample to sample.[28] Y.

A tree-like nanoporous WO3 photoanode with enhanced charge transport efficiency for photoelectrochemical water oxidation

“…These collisions reduce the kinetic energy of the ablated species and, therefore, eventually induce cluster scattering and self-assembly of the ablated species on the substrate. [40][41][42] Since the as-prepared WO 3 photoanodes have an amorphous phase (Fig. S1e †), further thermal annealing was conducted at 550 C for 2 h in air for crystallization to the monoclinic phase.…”

Microstructures of CGO and YSZ Thin Films by Pulsed Laser Deposition

“…YSZ thin films obtained by PLD are reported to be dense without the typical columnar structure when deposited at room temperature and oxygen pressure below 0.05 mbar [2][3][4] and highly porous when deposited at high pressure (0.3 mbar). [5] YSZ films grown by sputtering at room temperature and 8×10 -3 mbar as part of a multilayer to form the anode-electrolyte-cathode structure are reported to have pinholes, but their properties could be improved upon annealing above 1000°C. [6] Literature concerning doped-ceria thin films by PLD is scarce.…”

Thin Coating Technologies and Applications in High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

“…Mengucci et al [44] reported the formation of dense YSZ fi lms by PLD at room temperature and oxygen pressure below 0.05 mbar. On the other hand, highly porous YSZ fi lms can be obtained at high pressure of 0.3 mbar [45]. Infortuna et al [46] studied in detail the characteristics of YSZ and GDC thin fi lms by PLD and the microstructure of GDC and YSZ thin fi lms deposited ranges from highly porous to dense depending on the substrate temperature and oxygen pressure during the deposition process.…”