An Oscillatory Short-Term Memory Buffer Model Can Account for Data on the Sternberg Task

Jensen, Ole; Lisman, John

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-24-10688.1998

Cited by 227 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…First: One major and long-lasting question in cognitive neuroscience concerns the problem of parallel or serial processing, especially concerning memory scanning and item recognition [543], or serial models of word processing. Although behavioral research has led to the suggestion that memory scanning is serial and exhaustive [544], parallel search models have been proposed also [545].…”

Section: Methodological Aspects and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural world physical, brain operational, and mind phenomenal space–time

Fingelkurts

Neves

2010

Physics of Life Reviews

168

233

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Concepts of space and time are widely developed in physics. However, there is a considerable lack of biologically plausible theoretical frameworks that can demonstrate how space and time dimensions are implemented in the activity of the most complex life-system -the brain with a mind. Brain activity is organized both temporally and spatially, thus representing space-time in the brain. Critical analysis of recent research on the space-time organization of the brain's activity pointed to the existence of so-called operational space-time in the brain. This space-time is limited to the execution of brain operations of differing complexity. During each such brain operation a particular short-term spatio-temporal pattern of integrated activity of different brain areas emerges within related operational space-time. At the same time, to have a fully functional human brain one needs to have a subjective mental experience. Current research on the subjective mental experience offers detailed analysis of space-time organization of the mind. According to this research, subjective mental experience (subjective virtual world) has definitive spatial and temporal properties similar to many physical phenomena. Based on systematic review of the propositions and tenets of brain and mind space-time descriptions, our aim in this review essay is to explore the relations between the two. To be precise, we would like to discuss the hypothesis that via the brain operational space-time the mind subjective space-time is connected to otherwise distant physical space-time reality.Key words: spatial, temporal, consciousness, cognition, operation, architectonics, EEG, field, metastability, physics, coordinative dynamics, self-organization, cortex.

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Section: Methodological Aspects and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural world physical, brain operational, and mind phenomenal space–time

Fingelkurts

Neves

2010

Physics of Life Reviews

168

233

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“…Frontal theta occurs during WM in both humans and non-human primates [46,[53][54][55] . The theta power increases during WM encoding, maintenance, and retrieval, compared with its baseline level [56] .…”

Section: Neural Oscillations Serve the Interaction Between Pfc And Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal cortex and sensory cortices during working memory: quantity and quality

Bodner

Zhou

2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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The activity in sensory cortices and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) throughout the delay interval of working memory (WM) tasks refl ect two aspects of WM-quality and quantity, respectively. The delay activity in sensory cortices is fi ne-tuned to sensory information and forms the neural basis of the precision of WM storage, while the delay activity in the PFC appears to represent behavioral goals and filters out irrelevant distractions, forming the neural basis of the quantity of task-relevant information in WM. The PFC and sensory cortices interact through different frequency bands of neuronal oscillation (theta, alpha, and gamma) to fulfi ll goal-directed behaviors.Keywords: working memory; prefrontal cortex; capacity limit; memory precision; neuronal oscillations ·Review· IntroductionWorking memory (WM) refers to the cognitive processes of maintaining and storing information in the short term (usually seconds) for subsequent goal-directed action [1][2][3] . Persistent activity in both sensory cortices and association areas (especially the prefrontal cortex, PFC) throughout the delay interval of a WM task after sensory stimulus presentation (sample) are usually considered to be critical for WM maintenance, and to bridge the temporal gap between the sample and the subsequent contingent response (see reviews [4,5] ). However, with regard to WM the role of the delay activity in sensory cortices has been thought to differ from that of the PFC. The former has been thought to represent and store selective sensory information and the latter has been considered to exert attentional bias and cognitive control over the former (see reviews [6,7] ).Despite the vast storage in human long-term memory, WM has been demonstrated to have a capacity limited by the number of items [8,9] and this is strongly correlated with general cognitive ability [10,11] . Recent advances in studying visual WM have shown a precision limit of representations in WM besides the capacity limit [12][13][14][15][16] .Combined with the above findings, we propose that delay activity in the sensory cortices and PFC reflect the quality and quantity of representations in WM, respectively. Specifically, in this review, quantity refers to how many items/slots are stored in working memory, and quality refers to how precisely the features of each item/slot are represented in WM. Sensory Cortices and the Quality of Working MemoryNeurons in the PFC have been shown to respond to sensory stimuli in WM tasks [17,18] . Compared with those PFC neurons, neurons in sensory cortices appear to be more selectively tuned to stimulus features in WM tasks Neurosci Bull April 1, 2015, 31(2): 175-182 176 and consequently to maintain high-fi delity representations of stimulus information in the service of WM [19] .Some human imaging as well as neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have indicated an absence of persistent activity in early sensory regions [20][21][22][23][24] . However, other primate studies have revealed persistent modulation of neuronal activity i...

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“…There is now converging evidence from different cognitive domains that neural firing can be functionally related to the oscillatory dynamics of neural assembly behavior (O'Keefe and Recce, 1993; H. Jacobs et al, 2007;Rutishauser et al, 2010) and data from nonhuman primates indicate that such oscillatory coordination of neural firing also plays a functional role in memory maintenance (H. Siegel et al, 2009). According to an influential computational model (Lisman and Idiart, 1995;Jensen and Lisman, 1998;Lisman, 2010), maintenance is enabled by a cross-frequency coupling of gamma-(30 -80 Hz oscillations) related neural spiking to specific phases of ongoing hippocampal theta oscillations (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). In agreement with this model, theta/ gamma coupling has been observed in relation to sequential (Axmacher et al, 2010) and spatial (Tort et al, 2009) shortterm memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal Theta-Phase Modulation of Replay Correlates with Configural-Relational Short-Term Memory Performance: Figure 1.

Poch¹,

Fuentemilla²,

Barnes³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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There is now growing evidence that the hippocampus generates theta rhythms that can phase bias fast neural oscillations in the neocortex, allowing coordination of widespread fast oscillatory populations outside limbic areas. A recent magnetoencephalographic study showed that maintenance of configural-relational scene information in a delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task was associated with replay of that information during the delay period. The periodicity of the replay was coordinated by the phase of the ongoing theta rhythm, and the degree of theta coordination during the delay period was positively correlated with DMS performance. Here, we reanalyzed these data to investigate which brain regions were involved in generating the theta oscillations that coordinated the periodic replay of configuralrelational information. We used a beamformer algorithm to produce estimates of regional theta rhythms and constructed volumetric images of the phase-locking between the local theta cycle and the instances of replay (in the 13-80 Hz band). We found that individual differences in DMS performance for configural-relational associations were related to the degree of phase coupling of instances of cortical reactivations to theta oscillations generated in the right posterior hippocampus and the right inferior frontal gyrus. This demonstrates that the timing of memory reactivations in humans is biased toward hippocampal theta phase.

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An Oscillatory Short-Term Memory Buffer Model Can Account for Data on the Sternberg Task

Cited by 227 publications

References 60 publications

Natural world physical, brain operational, and mind phenomenal space–time

Natural world physical, brain operational, and mind phenomenal space–time

Prefrontal cortex and sensory cortices during working memory: quantity and quality

Hippocampal Theta-Phase Modulation of Replay Correlates with Configural-Relational Short-Term Memory Performance: Figure 1.

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