An outbreak of acuteTrypanosoma evansiinfection in crossbred cattle in Punjab, India

Abstract

An outbreak of acute trypanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in Punjab, a northern state of India was investigated in a cattle farm comprising 78 adults (lactating and dry) and 27 calves. The outbreak in the affected animals exhibiting high fever (1058F), circling, tremors, convulsions and death within 24Á48 hours was confirmed based on examination of Wright-Giemsa stained blood smears, morpho-metric measurements and by polymerase chain reaction by using T. evansi specific primers yielding species specific 227 bp PCR product. Pretreatment parasitaemia estimated in three clinical cases revealed 12.5 )10 4 , 11.2 )10 4 and 16.7 )10 4 tryps/ml of blood and cow that was treated with isometamedium chloride revealed parasitemia of 1.4 )10 4 tryps/ml of blood 24 hours after treatment while no parasitemia was found after 24 hrs of treatment in other two cows, treated with quinapyramine sulphate and chloride combination (Triquin). Post-mortem revealed moderate enlargement of spleen. Biochemical parameters revealed increase in cholesterol, bilirubin and total proteins.

Sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense field isolates in experimentally infected calves in Konso district, Southern Ethiopia to isomethamidium and diminazene

“…For instance trypanocidal drug resistance was observed for isometamidium chloride and diminazene aceturate against Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma evansi (Mungube et al, 2012;Sow et al, 2012;Kumar et al, 2012). The high infestation of lowlying areas by tsetse flies as well as T. congolense, T. vivax and T. bruceiwas also reported more than a decade back in Southern parts of Ethiopia (Abebe, 2005;Miruk et *Corresponding author.…”

Study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and density of its vectors in three selected districts of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

“…Animal trypanosomosis is an important livestock disease in Africa which is considered as a threat to the ongoing effort on poverty alleviation in the continent (Wint et al, 2010). It is a serious disease in domestic livestock that causes a significant negative impact in food production and economic growth in many parts of the world (Kumar et al, 2012) particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (Taylor et al, 2007;Cecchi et al, 2008).…”

“…Trypanosomosis is a serious haemoprotozoan disease caused by different species of uni-cellular eurykaryotic parasite of the genus trypanosome found in the blood and other tissues of vertebrates including livestock, wild life and people and transmitted cyclically by tsetse flies of Glossina species and many other insects mechanically (Tesfaheywet and Abraham, 2012;Kumar et al, 2012). Animal trypanosomosis is an important livestock disease in Africa which is considered as a threat to the ongoing effort on poverty alleviation in the continent (Wint et al, 2010).…”

Prevalence of small ruminant trypanosomosis in Assosa and Homosha districts, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, North West of Ethiopia

“…Many animal species can be affected by the different trypanosomes, thus severely impairing the economic efficiency in endemic areas. From an economic point of view, the disease is particularly important in cattle, although other mammals can also be affected (Gupta et al, 2003;Singla et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2012;Kumar et al, 2012). Although geographical differences have been observed, but the most affected animal species are buffalo, horses, camels, cattle and dog Singla et al, 2012;Sharma et al, 2013;Sumbria et al, 2014).…”