An outbreak of cholera in a refugee camp in Africa

Djeddah, Carol; Miozzo, A.; Gennaro, MartaDi; Rosmini, Francesco; Martino, Pietro; Pasquini, Paolo

doi:10.1007/bf00144757

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Other infections reported through this system include cerebrospinal meningitis, dengue fever, influenza, poliomyelitis, yellow fever, typhoid, hemorrhagic fevers, and other priority public health conditions. 4 Refugees constitute a group of people at high risk of diseases and those dying from infectious diseases such as cholera [5][6][7][8] and other diseases in general. 9 During the last 50 years, a large proportion of the reported cholera cases have occurred in sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refugee Settlements and Cholera Risks in Uganda, 2016–2019

Bwire

Orach

Aceng

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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During 2016 to 2019, cholera outbreaks were reported commonly to the Ministry of Health from refugee settlements. To further understand the risks cholera posed to refugees, a review of surveillance data on cholera in Uganda for the period 2016–2019 was carried out. During this 4-year period, there were seven such outbreaks with 1,495 cases and 30 deaths in five refugee settlements and one refugee reception center. Most deaths occurred early in the outbreak, often in the settlements or before arrival at a treatment center rather than after arrival at a treatment center. During the different years, these outbreaks occurred during different times of the year but simultaneously in settlements that were geographically separated and affected all ages and genders. Some outbreaks spread to the local populations within Uganda. Cholera control prevention measures are currently being implemented; however, additional measures are needed to reduce the risk of cholera among refugees including oral cholera vaccination and a water, sanitation and hygiene package during the refugee registration process. A standardized protocol is needed to quickly conduct case–control studies to generate information to guide future cholera outbreak prevention in refugees and the host population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refugee Settlements and Cholera Risks in Uganda, 2016–2019

Bwire

Orach

Aceng

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The rapidly growing number of refugees resulting from war, civil strife, famine, and natural disasters is expected only to add to the number who have already died as a consequence of such cholera epidemics. The provision of an adequate quantity of purified water and the establishment of suitable facilities for defecation pending appropriate sanitation systems are important measures to help prevent outbreaks of cholera in refugee settings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Treatment and Vaccination Strategies to Control Cholera in Sub-Saharan Refugee Settings

Naficy

Rao

Pascal

et al. 1998

JAMA

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“…The incidence of cholera in peri-urban villages may be explained by historical sources (some of non-Bielitz inhabitants worked in the city, e.g., in the textile industry, as workmen or housemaids [Kenig 2006]). A noticeably higher frequency of deaths among Bielitz females caused by cholera may be an effect of lower female mobility (e.g., as traditional housewives, mothers with sick children, housemaids) and their involvement in water/food home provision [Djeddah et al 1988]. The occurrence of disease during the warm months and the short duration of outbreaks are probably explained by the pathogenetic characteristics of cholera (Vibrio cholerae sensitivity to low temperatures; severity of cholera) [Herring & Swedlund 2003, Ramamurthy & Bhattacharya 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cholera and typhoid fever in 19th-century Bielitzer Zion

Wrębiak

2010

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Cholera and typhoid fever in 19th-centuryBielitzer ZionThis study outlines an analysis of selected anthropo-demographic data ofDer Bielitzer Zionpopulation from parish registers and historical sources. The analysis focuses on three epidemics: cholera (two) and typhoid fever (one) which took place in mid-19th century in Bielitz. The aim of this paper is to explore the demographic structure of the fatalities due to the epidemics and to propose possible causes of any variations. Analysis shows the divergence in the age structure of deceased parishioners between the normal and epidemic years. Also, similar outbreaks of infection but of different pathogenesis could lead to observable discrepancies in the overall demographics of the deceased. In the case of cholera: more fatal cases were seen in the city, a higher frequency of deaths occurred in Bielitz females, the disease occurred only in the warm months and the outbreaks were of short duration. For typhoid fever: more fatal cases were seen in the peri-urban villages, a higher frequency of deaths occurred in the female of the peri-urban villages and the outbreak was of long duration. Frequencies and mortality rates of the above causes of death were compared with younger, more advanced populations. The similarities between these groups suggest a high socio-economical status ofBielitzer Zion.

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An outbreak of cholera in a refugee camp in Africa

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Refugee Settlements and Cholera Risks in Uganda, 2016–2019

Refugee Settlements and Cholera Risks in Uganda, 2016–2019

Treatment and Vaccination Strategies to Control Cholera in Sub-Saharan Refugee Settings

Cholera and typhoid fever in 19th-century Bielitzer Zion

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