An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Wales, November 2005

Carnicer-Pont, Dolors; Atenstaedt, Rob; Walker, Mark J.; Chalmers, Rachel; Rees, A.T.; Rowlands, K.; Evans, M. B.; Salmon, R. L.

doi:10.2807/esw.10.49.02854-en

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The predominance of females in this incident is unusual, although other outbreaks have shown similar sex distributions (Carnicer-Pont et al 2005, Mac Kenzie et al 1994. Although the difference was not significant, it nonetheless approaches significance.…”

Section: Sex Ratiocontrasting

confidence: 47%

The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident

Puleston

Mallaghan²,

Modha³

et al. 2013

Journal of Water and Health

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BackgroundWe report the first identified outbreak of cryptosporidiosis with Cryptosporidium cuniculus following a water quality incident in Northamptonshire, UK. MethodsA standardised, enhanced Cryptosporidium exposure questionnaire was administered to all cases of cryptosporidiosis after the incident. Stool samples, water testing, microscopy slides and rabbit gut contents positive for Cryptosporidium spp. were typed at the Cryptosporidium Reference Unit. ResultsTwenty-three individuals were microbiologically linked to the incident although other evidence suggests an excess of 422 cases above baseline. The majority were female, however unusually for cryptosporidiosis there were no affected children under the age of 5 years identified. Mean water consumption was higher than in national drinking water consumption patterns. Diarrhoea duration was negatively correlated to distance from the water treatment works where the contamination occurred.Oocyst counts were highest in water storage facilities. ConclusionsThis outbreak is the first caused by C. cuniculus infection to have been noted and has conclusively demonstrated that this species can be a human pathogen. Although symptomatically similar to cryptosporidiosis from C. parvum or C. hominis, this outbreak has revealed some differences, in particular no children under 5 were identified and females were over represented. These dissimilarities are unexplained although we postulate possible explanations.

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Section: Sex Ratiocontrasting

confidence: 47%

The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident

Puleston

Mallaghan²,

Modha³

et al. 2013

Journal of Water and Health

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show abstract

“…Similarly, during the giardiasis outbreak in Bergen, infection was predominantly diagnosed among female adults. Young adult females also predominated in a waterborne cryptosporidiosis outbreak in Wales, UK [12]. It has been suggested that the demographics of those infected in the Bergen outbreak is indicative of low contamination [5], as evidenced by a low attack rate among children and the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographics of Giardia infections in Bergen, Norway, subsequent to a waterborne outbreak

Robertson

Forberg

Hermansen

et al. 2008

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Immunodeficient humans, such as AIDS patients, suffer particularly severe complications [8]. Recently, an increase of Cryptosporidium hominis was noted in the United Kingdom due to the use of mixed lake water for drinking [2], and Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts have been detected in lakes, rivers, and livestock farms [9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic Characterization of Cryptosporidium Oocysts Isolated from Healthy People in Three Different Counties of Korea

Cheun

Choi

Chung

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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To investigate Cryptosporidium infection among healthy people, we collected stool samples from 150 healthy individuals in Gokseong, Muan, and Imshil Counties, southwest Korea, where neighbors on both an animal farm and a river respectively. In 12 of 150 samples, Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by means of modified acid-fast staining. The bovine genotype, Cryptosporidium parvum, was identified by PCR/RFLP and 18S rRNA sequencing. C. parvum existed endemically in these areas, and the residents showed a relatively higher infection rate for C. parvum than that for C. hominis. Our results indicate that countermeasures against Cryptosporidium infection must be taken in these areas to ensure human health.

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An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Wales, November 2005

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident

The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident

Demographics of Giardia infections in Bergen, Norway, subsequent to a waterborne outbreak

Genotypic Characterization of Cryptosporidium Oocysts Isolated from Healthy People in Three Different Counties of Korea

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