An Outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Colitis Associated with Consumption of Precooked Meat Patties

Since their discovery in 1915, bacteriophages have been used to treat bacterial infections in animals and humans because of their unique ability to infect their specific bacterial hosts without affecting other bacterial populations. The research carried out in this field throughout the 20th century, largely in Georgia, part of USSR and Poland, led to the establishment of phage therapy protocols. However, the discovery of penicillin and sulfonamide antibiotics in the Western World during the 1930s was a setback in the advancement of phage therapy. The misuse of antibiotics has reduced their efficacy in controlling pathogens and has led to an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. As an alternative to antibiotics, bacteriophages have become a topic of interest with the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which are a threat to public health. Recent studies have indicated that bacteriophages can be used indirectly to detect pathogenic bacteria or directly as biocontrol agents. Moreover, they can be used to develop new molecules for clinical applications, vaccine production, drug design, and in the nanomedicine field via phage display.Key words: bacteriophages, antibiotics, biocontrol, infection, pathogenesis.Résumé : Les bactériophages ont été utilisés pour traiter des infections bactériennes chez l'animal et l'humain depuis leur découverte en 1915, à cause de leur capacité unique d'infecter leurs hôtes bactériens spécifiques, sans affecter les autres populations bactériennes. La recherche réalisée dans ce domaine au cours du vingtième siècle, principalement en Géorgie, dans une partie de l'URSS et en Pologne, a mené à l'établissement de protocoles thérapeutiques à partir de phages. Cependant, la découverte de la pénicilline et des antibiotiques sulfamidés au cours des années 1930 a retardé l'avancement de la thérapie par les phages. Le mauvais usage des antibiotiques depuis leur découverte a résulté en une augmentation du nombre de bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques et une réduction de leur efficacité à contrôler d'importants pathogènes. Les bactériophages sont devenus un sujet d'intérêt comme alternative aux antibiotiques avec l'émergence de bactéries multirésistantes qui constituent une menace à la santé publique. Des études récentes ont indiqué que les bactériophages peuvent être utilisés indirectement pour détecter les bactéries pathogènes, ou directement, comme agents de contrôle biologique. De plus, ils peuvent être utilisés pour développer de nouvelles molécules à des fins d'applications cliniques, de production de vaccins, dans la conception de médicaments et dans le domaine de la nanomédecine, par l'exposition sur phage. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…This bacterium is usually acquired from undercooked beef or from direct contact with infected animals (Belongia et al 1991).…”

Section: Examples Of Applications Of Bacteriophage As a Biocontrol Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages: the possible solution to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria

El‐Shibiny

El-Sahhar

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…Synthetic oligonucleotide primers Cl, C2, A2, S1, S2, P1EH and P2EH were based on the EHEC eae gene sequence [29]. Primers 10 ,ul of the reaction mixture was analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis.…”

Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This serotype is also the most frequent cause of outbreaks in daycare centres and other institutions [6][7][8][9]. Other VTEC strains of diverse serotypes including those causing diarrhoea and HUS in humans are frequently isolated from animal faeces, meat and dairy products [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Cattle have been implicated as the principal reservoir for VTEC [16,18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence heterogeneity of theeaegene and detection of verotoxin-producingEscherichia coliusing serotype-specific primers

et al. 1994

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SIUMMARYThe distribution of the Escherichia coli attaching and effacing (eae) gene in strains of verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) isolated from cattle and humans was studied. The majority of strains isolated from humans with bloody diarrhoea or HUS and cattle with severe diarrhoea were eae positive (82 and 83 % respectively). In contrast, 59 % of VTEC isolated from asymptomatic cattle were eae negative and of the remaining 41 % that were eae positive, the majority were serotype 0157.H7. The nucleotide sequence of the 3' end of the eae gene of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) of serotype 055.H7 was found to be almost identical to that of serotype 0157. H7. Specific primers are described which detect the eae sequences of VTEC serotypes 0157.H7, 0157.H-, and EPEC serotypes 055. H7 and 055. H-. The nucleotide sequence of the 3' end of the eae gene of serotype O111.H8 differed significantly from that of 0157.H7. Primers were developed to specifically identify the eae sequences of VTEC serotypes 0111 . Hand 0111 . H8. We conclude that whereas the majority of VTEC associated with disease in cattle and humans possess the eae gene, the gene itself may not be necessary to produce haemorrhagic colitis and HUS. Sequence heterogeneity in the 3' end of eae alleles of VTEC permits specific identification of subsets of these organisms.

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“…Person-to-person transmission has also been documented [5][6][7] . Shiga toxins (Stx1, Stx2) are well-known potential virulence marker of E. coli O157:H7 serotype 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afyonkarahisar’da Sığır ve Buzağılardan İzole Edilen Escherichia coli O157:H7 Suşlarında İntimin ve Enterohemolizin Genlerinin Belirlenmesi

Kuyucuoğlu¹,

Şeker²,

Sareyyüpoğlu³

et al. 2009

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryThe aim of this study was to detect enterohemolysin (EhlyA) and intimin (eaeA) virulence genes of 14 Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from 457 fecal samples (237 calves and 220 cattle) by PCR. While EhlyA gene was determined in 13 (92.8%) strains, the eaeA gene was positive in 8 (57.1%) strains. Of the 8 eaeA genes, 4 (50.0%) were obtained from diarrheic calves, 2 (25.0%) from non-diarrheic calves, and 2 (25.0%) from healthy cattle. A total of 7 (50.0%) strains were determined to harbour both of the EhlyA and eaeA genes. This study confirmed that calves, especially diarrheic, and cattle are a reservoir of E. coli O157:H7 strains that may be pathogenic for human.

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An Outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Colitis Associated with Consumption of Precooked Meat Patties

Cited by 108 publications

References 16 publications

Bacteriophages: the possible solution to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria

Bacteriophages: the possible solution to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria

Sequence heterogeneity of theeaegene and detection of verotoxin-producingEscherichia coliusing serotype-specific primers

Afyonkarahisar’da Sığır ve Buzağılardan İzole Edilen Escherichia coli O157:H7 Suşlarında İntimin ve Enterohemolizin Genlerinin Belirlenmesi

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