An Outbreak of Type A Botulism Associated with a Commercial Cheese Sauce

Townes, John M.; Cieslak, Paul R.; Hatheway, Charles L.; Solomon, Haim M.; Holloway, J. T.; Baker, Michael C.; Keller, C. F.; McCroskey, L M; Griffin, Patricia M.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-7-199610010-00004

Cited by 86 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As noted during previous foodborne botulism outbreaks, not all persons who eat food contaminated with botulinum toxin become ill [5,13]. The relatively low attack rate of 63% among those who ate the chili dish served at the church supper may be explained by uneven distribution of toxin in the chili, a dose-response relationship, or unrecognized host factors that confer resistance to ingested botulinum toxin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism Associated with Food Sold at a Salvage Store in Texas

Kalluri

Crowe

Reller

et al. 2003

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Foodborne botulism is caused by potent neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum. We investigated a large outbreak of foodborne botulism among church supper attendees in Texas. We conducted a cohort study of attendees and investigated the salvage store that sold the implicated foods. We identified 15 cases of botulism (40%) among 38 church supper attendees. Nine patients (60%) had botulinum toxin type A detected in stool specimens. The diagnosis was delayed in 3 cases. Fifteen (63%) of 24 attendees who ate a chili dish developed botulism (relative risk, undefined; P<.001). The chili dish was prepared with "brand X" or "brand Y" frozen chili, "brand Z" canned chili, and hot dogs. An unopened container of brand X chili yielded type A toxin. Brand X chili was purchased at a salvage store where perishable foods were inadequately refrigerated. Our investigation highlights the need to improve clinicians' awareness of botulism. More rigorous and more unannounced inspections may be necessary to detect food mishandling at salvage stores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism Associated with Food Sold at a Salvage Store in Texas

Kalluri

Crowe

Reller

et al. 2003

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…5), low oxygen, and high water content. 29 Two of the outbreaks (nos. 1 and 7) were attributed by the farm owners to abnormal weather patterns that caused forage to become unusually wet for prolonged periods of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A Botulism in Horses in the United States: A Review of the past Ten Years (1998–2008)

2010

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Abstract. The objective of the current retrospective study was to describe naturally occurring type A botulism in horses in the United States. In the past 10 years, the Botulism Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania's School of Veterinary Medicine has identified 3 isolated cases and 8 outbreaks of type A botulism in horses via samples positive for Clostridium botulinum type A toxin or spores using the mouse bioassay test. Additional information was obtained by review of submission forms and by telephone or email interviews. Almost all type A cases and outbreaks occurred in the western United States, with Oregon and Idaho overrepresented. Type A toxin was identified in only 1 outbreak; all other identified cases and outbreaks were positive for spores but not preformed toxin. Reported clinical signs included progressive muscle weakness, recumbency, decreased tail and/or tongue tone, dysphagia, respiratory distress, and death. Isolated cases involved foals #1 month of age; outbreaks involved horses $11 months. One hundred and nineteen horses were potentially exposed to the toxin source; 54 out of 119 showed signs of botulism, and 49 out of 54 affected horses were confirmed dead. The number of horses affected per outbreak ranged from 2 to 24. The source of infection was confirmed to be hay or silage in 6 out of 8 outbreaks and was unknown in 2 out of 8 outbreaks. The present report is the first description of outbreaks of type A botulism in horses and has important implications for prevention and treatment. Based on these findings, type A botulism should be considered in suspect cases of equine botulism in the western United States.

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“…26 Stool specimens collected 6 days after toxin consumption from these four patients with toxemia were negative for BoNT and did not contain C. botulinum, suggesting that there was no in vivo toxin production due to an intestinal colonization. Issues that need to be considered are that only 36% of stool samples are positive for BoNT after 3 days, 27 and C. botulinum is present in stool samples of >70% patients within 2 days and 40% after 10 days. 25 In addition, some patients in the first family presented gastrointestinal symptoms initially, including diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain, and this phenomenon may partly explain why only four out of seven patients in the first family had stool samples positive for BoNT type A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-family outbreak of botulism associated with the consumption of smoked ribs in Sichuan Province, China

Feng

Chen

Liu

et al. 2015

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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An Outbreak of Type A Botulism Associated with a Commercial Cheese Sauce

Cited by 86 publications

References 13 publications

An Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism Associated with Food Sold at a Salvage Store in Texas

An Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism Associated with Food Sold at a Salvage Store in Texas

Type A Botulism in Horses in the United States: A Review of the past Ten Years (1998–2008)

Two-family outbreak of botulism associated with the consumption of smoked ribs in Sichuan Province, China

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