An outbreak of Vibrio alginolyticus infection in aquarium-maintained dark-spotted (Himantura uarnak) and Tahitian (H. fai) stingrays

Emam, Arafah M.; Hashem, Mahmoud; Gadallah, A.; Haridy, Mohie

doi:10.1016/j.ejar.2019.05.003

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Most often, the disease vibriosis in fish starts with external pathological changes including lethargy, anorexia, abnormal swimming, hemorrhagic or ulcerative lesions on the skin, abdominal distension, necrosis in various organs, skin discoloration, and later the infection may become systemic, contributing to mortality (Ina-Salwany et al, 2019;Ransangan & Mustafa, 2009;Sonia & Lipton, 2012). In our study, the histopathological lesions were particularly prominent in the skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, and heart (Emam et al, 2019;Ina-Salwany et al, 2019;Won et al, 2009). Geng et al, (2014) previously observed vasculitis in the kidney, spleen, and liver, and severe degeneration and necrosis of the liver.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Gitar balıklarında (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) Vibrio hepatarius kaynaklı subakut enteritik septisemi

BAĞCI,

KÖSTEBEKCİ,

TAŞGIN

et al. 2023

Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences

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Common guitarfish (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) are an endangered species and are placed on the red list of “Critically Endangered, CR” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Guitarfish are kept in captivity and are protected in public aquaria globally, but there is limited information about the diseases for this species. In this research, mortalities (14%) observed in common guitarfish in a public aquarium are reported. Severe hemorrhagic lesions on the ventral body side and reduced feed intake were observed in the affected animals. Two guitarfish were referred for necropsy, microbiological and histopathological examination. Macroscopic findings included severe ecchymotic hemorrhages in the ventral body, bloating of the gastrointestinal tract due to invasive mass, and hyperemia of the colon vessels and obstruction of the colon lumen. Histopathological examination revealed degenerations and necrosis in the liver, desquamation of intestinal villi, severe mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis in distal intestine, severe bacterial aggregates in different organs, pancreatitis, vasculitis, and filamentous bacteria-like structures. Vibrio hepatarius was isolated and identified with multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA); multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that the agent belonged to a novel sequence type, 247. After the first description of V. hepatarius in wild healthy adults of Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from Ecuador, this is the first report of deaths due to V. hepatarius observed in common guitarfish kept in captivity in a public aquarium.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Gitar balıklarında (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) Vibrio hepatarius kaynaklı subakut enteritik septisemi

BAĞCI,

KÖSTEBEKCİ,

TAŞGIN

et al. 2023

Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences

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“…V. harveyi can be collected in the head, kidney, spleen, brain, skin lesions, or eye lesions [ 52 ]. The previous studies [ 41 , 42 , 52 , 53 ] have reported that the main target organ for the isolation of the pathogen V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus was the liver and kidney because they are the primary immune organs of fish species, and this may also be since some of the virulence determinants possessed by these pathogens augment their septicemic properties with final predisposition into the toxin neutralizing vessel in the liver and central immune in the kidney. Based on the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis results on the receptors in the grouper’s brain, eyes, and kidneys indicate that protein provides an immunological response to V. alginolyticus antibodies as the most immunogenic antigen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo test of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi infection in the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) from East Java Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: The need for fish seeds resistant to bacterial and viral infections has encouraged studies on the molecular pathogenesis mechanism of Vibrio bacteria, such as Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi, regarding the receptor organs, protein adhesion mechanisms, and antibody responses of the humpback grouper. This study aims to confirm the characteristics of the specific proteins expressed in the receptor organ of the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) using the expression of V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi bacteria. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by isolating crude protein and whole cells from both the Vibrio bacteria. In addition, serum and organ tissue were also isolated from fish samples. Then, hemagglutination and dot blot tests with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis were performed to determine the highest expression of receptor from the whole bacterial cells and crude protein from both healthy and infected (V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi) fishes. Scanning electron microscope results showed that V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi could express bundle-forming pili, which is involved in bacterial autoaggregation and the mediation of the initial attachment of bacteria to their host cells. Results: These results indicated that all the specific receptors for protein in fish organs recognized vibriosis antigens. The specificity test showed that the brain, eye, and kidney organs' receptors provided a quality and quantity level of responses at 22.63, 53.95, and 43.15 kDa, respectively. The polyclonal anti-V. alginolyticus immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were more cross-reactive than the anti-V. harveyi IgM. Hence, this shows that V. alginolyticus bacteria are more pathogenic than V. harveyi. Conclusion: In the future, the molecular characteristics of V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi antigens and the specific receptor organ proteins in the humpback grouper can be developed as the basis for constructing molecular peptide-based vaccine materials.

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“…The pathogenic effects of V. alginolyticus infection or proliferation primarily cause damage to host cells and tissues and disrupt normal metabolisms and body functions, either locally or systemically, by its metabolites (Yeh et al, 2009;Fu et al, 2021). V. alginolyticus infects marine fish also mainly through abrasions on the fish's surface, and the low pH of the gastric fluid of seawater carnivorous fish considered to have an inhibitory effect on V. alginolyticus (Emam et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2019;Suyanti et al, 2021). Hemorrhagic septicemia, enteritis, and skin ulceration are the typical symptoms of V. alginolyticus infection in fish (Wang et al, 2016;Mohamad et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population response of intestinal microbiota to acute Vibrio alginolyticus infection in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

et al. 2023

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IntroductionVibriosis causes enormous economic losses of marine fish. The present study investigated the intestinal microbial response to acute infection of half-smooth tongue sole with different-dose Vibrio alginolyticus within 72 h by metagenomic sequencing.MethodsThe inoculation amount of V. alginolyticus for the control, low-dose, moderate-dose, and high-dose groups were 0, 8.5 × 101, 8.5 × 104, and 8.5 × 107 cells/g respectively, the infected fish were farmed in an automatic seawater circulation system under a relatively stable temperature, dissolved oxygen and photoperiod, and 3 ~ 6 intestinal samples per group with high-quality DNA assay were used for metagenomics analysis.ResultsThe acute infections with V. alginolyticus at high, medium, and low doses caused the change of different-type leukocytes at 24 h, whereas the joint action of monocytes and neutrophils to cope with the pathogen infection only occurred in the high-dose group at 72 h. The metagenomic results suggest that a high-dose V. alginolyticus infection can significantly alter the intestinal microbiota, decrease the microbial α-diversity, and increase the bacteria from Vibrio and Shewanella, including various potential pathogens at 24 h. High-abundance species of potential pathogens such as V. harveyii, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, and V. scophthalmi exhibited significant positive correlations with V. alginolyticus. The function analysis revealed that the high-dose inflection group could increase the genes closely related to pathogen infection, involved in cell motility, cell wall/ membrane/envelope biogenesis, material transport and metabolism, and the pathways of quorum sensing, biofilm formation, flagellar assembly, bacterial chemotaxis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistances mainly from Vibrios within 72 h.DiscussionIt indicates that the half-smooth tongue sole is highly likely to be a secondary infection with intestinal potential pathogens, especially species from Vibrio and that the disease could become even more complicated because of the accumulation and transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes in intestinal bacteria during the process of V. alginolyticus intensified infection.

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An outbreak of Vibrio alginolyticus infection in aquarium-maintained dark-spotted (Himantura uarnak) and Tahitian (H. fai) stingrays

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Gitar balıklarında (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) Vibrio hepatarius kaynaklı subakut enteritik septisemi

Gitar balıklarında (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) Vibrio hepatarius kaynaklı subakut enteritik septisemi

In vivo test of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi infection in the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) from East Java Indonesia

Population response of intestinal microbiota to acute Vibrio alginolyticus infection in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

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