An outbreak of winter dysentery caused by bovine coronavirus in a high-production dairy cattle herd from a tropical country

Takiuchi, Elisabete; Barry, Aline Fernandes; Alfieri, Alice Fernandes; Filippsen, P.; Alfieri, Amauri Alcindo

doi:10.1590/s1516-89132009000700008

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…All BTM samples were analyzed using indirect ELISA (SVANOVIR ® BRSV-ab and BCoV-ab, Svanova Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden). The optical density (OD) reading of 450 nm was corrected by the subtraction of OD for the negative control antigen, and per cent positivity (PP-value) (Takiuchi et al, 2009) was calculated as (corrected OD/positive control corrected OD) × 100. The cut-off for a positive result was set at a PP-value of 10 for both tests (Anon., 2016a,b) and the dichotomized results (BRSV +−/and/or BCoV +−) were used as the outcome in all analyses.…”

Section: Laboratory Analysis/outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk – risk factors and spatial analysis

Toftaker

Sánchez

Stokstad

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) are considered widespread among cattle in Norway and worldwide. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on antibody-ELISA of bulk tank milk (BTM) from 1347 herds in two neighboring counties in western Norway. The study aims were to determine the seroprevalence at herd level, to evaluate risk factors for BRSV and BCoV seropositivity, and to assess how these factors were associated with the spatial distribution of positive herds. The overall prevalence of BRSV and BCoV positive herds in the region was 46.2% and 72.2%, respectively. Isopleth maps of the prevalence risk distribution showed large differences in prevalence risk across the study area, with the highest prevalence in the northern region. Common risk factors of importance for both viruses were herd size, geographic location, and proximity to neighbors. Seropositivity for one virus was associated with increased odds of seropositivity for the other virus. Purchase of livestock was an additional risk factor for BCoV seropositivity, included in the model as in-degree, which was defined as the number of incoming movements from individual herds, through animal purchase, over a period of five years. Local dependence and the contribution of risk factors to this effect were assessed using the residuals from two logistic regression models for each virus. One model contained only the x- and y- coordinates as predictors, the other had all significant predictors included. Spatial clusters of high values of residuals were detected using the normal model of the spatial scan statistic and visualized on maps. Adjusting for the risk factors in the final models had different impact on the spatial clusters for the two viruses: For BRSV the number of clusters was reduced from six to four, for BCoV the number of clusters remained the same, however the log-likelihood ratios changed notably. This indicates that geographical differences in proximity to neighbors, herd size and animal movements explain some of the spatial clusters of BRSV- and BCoV seropositivity, but far from all. The remaining local dependence in the residuals show that the antibody status of one herd is influenced by the antibody status of its neighbors, indicating the importance of indirect transmission and that increased biosecurity routines might be an important preventive strategy.

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Section: Laboratory Analysis/outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk – risk factors and spatial analysis

Toftaker

Sánchez

Stokstad

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…In a thermocycler, incubate the microtubes at 42 °C for 30 min, inactivate the transcription reaction at 95 °C for 5 min and then chill the samples on ice bath. 10. Store the cDNA samples at −20 °C until use.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Bovine Coronavirus by Conventional Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Alfieri

Takiuchi

2016

Springer Protocols Handbooks

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Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is an economically signifi cant cause of enteric and respiratory diseases in cattle throughout the world. BCoV is a known cause of neonatal calf diarrhea, winter dysentery in adult cattle, and respiratory disorders in cattle of all ages. In this chapter, we describe a simple and effi cient protocol for total nucleic acids extraction to be used in conventional RT-PCR assay. This is a technique used routinely in our virology laboratory to detect BCoV from stool and nasopharyngeal samples of cattle.

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“…The occurrence of BCoV infection causing WD in dairy cows has already been reported in countries of Europe (Decaro et al 2008), Asia Natsuaki et al 2007), and America (Valle et al 2006;Takiuchi et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Molecular detection of bovine coronavirus in a diarrhea outbreak in pasture-feeding Nellore steers in southern Brazil

Ribeiro

Lorenzetti

Alfieri

et al. 2015

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Worldwide diarrhea outbreaks in cattle herds are more frequently detected in calves being that diarrhea outbreaks in adult cattle are not common. Winter dysentery (WD) is a bovine coronavirus (BCoV) enteric infection that is more reported in Northern hemisphere. Seasonal outbreaks of WD in adult cattle occur mainly in dairy cows. WD has not been described in beef cattle herds of tropical countries. This study describes the molecular detection of BCoV in a diarrhea outbreak in beef cattle steers (Nellore) raised on pasture in Parana, southern Brazil. During the outbreak, the farm had about 600 fattening steers. Watery and bloody diarrhea unresponsive to systemic broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy reveals a morbidity rate of approximately 15 %. The BCoV N gene was identified in 42.9 % (6/14) of the diarrheic fecal samples evaluated by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (SN-PCR) technique. Other enteric microorganisms occasionally identified in adult cattle and evaluated in this study such as bovine groups A, B, and C rotavirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine torovirus, aichivirus B, and Eimeria sp. were not identified in the fecal samples. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first description of the BCoV diagnosis in fecal samples collected in a diarrhea outbreak in adult beef cattle grazing in the grass in a tropical country.

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An outbreak of winter dysentery caused by bovine coronavirus in a high-production dairy cattle herd from a tropical country

Abstract: Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a known cause of winter dysentery (WD) in

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk – risk factors and spatial analysis

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk – risk factors and spatial analysis

Detection of Bovine Coronavirus by Conventional Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Molecular detection of bovine coronavirus in a diarrhea outbreak in pasture-feeding Nellore steers in southern Brazil

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