An over-oxidized form of superoxide dismutase found in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with bulbar onset shares a toxic mechanism with mutant SOD1

Guareschi, Stefania; Cova, Emanuela; Cereda, Cristina; Ceroni, Mauro; Donetti, Elena; Bosco, Daryl A.; Trotti, Davide; Pasinelli, Piera

doi:10.1073/pnas.1115402109

Cited by 173 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Finally, accumulation of misfolded SOD1 has been reported by several groups also in sporadic ALS (27,(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47), although other groups have reached the opposite conclusion (48)(49)(50)(51). The identification of MIF as a cytosolic chaperone that stimulates the folding or refolding of misfolded SOD1 and inhibits the aggregation of mutant SOD1 in vivo suggests new avenues for therapy in ALS, mediated by increasing intracellular MIF levels in the nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous macrophage migration inhibitory factor reduces the accumulation and toxicity of misfolded SOD1 in a mouse model of ALS

Leyton-Jaimes

Benaim

Abu-Hamad

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Mutations in superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. It has been suggested that the toxicity of mutant SOD1 results from its misfolding and accumulation on the cytoplasmic faces of intracellular organelles, including the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of ALS-affected tissues. Recently, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was shown to directly inhibit the accumulation of misfolded SOD1 and its binding to intracellular membranes, but the role of endogenous MIF in modulating SOD1 misfolding in vivo remains unknown. To elucidate this role, we bred MIF-deficient mice with SOD1 G85R mice, which express a dismutase-inactive mutant of SOD1 and are considered a model of familial ALS. We found that the accumulation of misfolded SOD1, its association with mitochondrial and ER membranes, and the levels of sedimentable insoluble SOD1 aggregates were significantly higher in the spinal cords of SOD1 G85R -MIF −/− mice than in their SOD1 G85R -MIF +/+ littermates. Moreover, increasing MIF expression in neuronal cultures inhibited the accumulation of misfolded SOD1 and rescued from mutant SOD1-induced cell death. In contrast, the complete elimination of endogenous MIF accelerated disease onset and late disease progression and shortened the lifespan of the SOD1 G85R mutant mice. These findings indicate that MIF plays a significant role in the folding and misfolding of SOD1 in vivo, and they have implications for the potential therapeutic role of upregulating MIF within the nervous system to modulate the selective accumulation of misfolded SOD1.ALS | mutant SOD1 mouse | mutant SOD1 | misfolded SOD1 | MIF

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous macrophage migration inhibitory factor reduces the accumulation and toxicity of misfolded SOD1 in a mouse model of ALS

Leyton-Jaimes

Benaim

Abu-Hamad

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Oxidized, misfolded SOD1 Wt is present in the intracellular inclusions in motor neurons of sporadic aLS patients [5,10]. Furthermore, recently it was shown that transgenic overexpression of SOD1 Wt causes aLS in mice [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular wildtype and mutant SOD1 induces ER–Golgi pathology characteristic of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in neuronal cells

Sundaramoorthy

Walker

Yerbury

et al. 2013

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder and the majority of ALS is sporadic, where misfolding and aggregation of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a feature shared with familial mutant-SOD1 cases. ALS is characterized by progressive neurospatial spread of pathology among motor neurons, and recently the transfer of extracellular, aggregated mutant SOD1 between cells was demonstrated in culture. However, there is currently no evidence that uptake of SOD1 into cells initiates neurodegenerative pathways reminiscent of ALS pathology. Similarly, whilst dysfunction to the ERGolgi compartments is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of both sporadic and familial ALS, it remains unclear whether misfolded, wildtype SOD1 triggers ER-Golgi dysfunction. In this study we show that both extracellular, native wildtype and mutant SOD1 are taken up by macropinocytosis into neuronal cells. Hence uptake does not depend on SOD1 mutation or misfolding. We also demonstrate that purified mutant SOD1 added exogenously to neuronal cells inhibits protein transport between the ER-Golgi apparatus, leading to Golgi fragmentation, induction of ER stress and apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, we show that extracellular, aggregated, wildtype SOD1 also induces ER-Golgi pathology similar to mutant SOD1, leading to apoptotic cell death. Hence extracellular misfolded wildtype or mutant SOD1 induce dysfunction to ERGolgi compartments characteristic of ALS in neuronal cells, implicating extracellular SOD1 in the spread of pathology among motor neurons in both sporadic and familial ALS. Abstract amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (aLS) is a fatal and rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder and the majority of aLS is sporadic, where misfolding and aggregation of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a feature shared with familial mutant-SOD1 cases. aLS is characterized by progressive neurospatial spread of pathology among motor neurons, and recently the transfer of extracellular, aggregated mutant SOD1 between cells was demonstrated in culture. however, there is currently no evidence that uptake of SOD1 into cells initiates neurodegenerative pathways reminiscent of aLS pathology. Similarly, whilst dysfunction to the eR-Golgi compartments is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of both sporadic and familial aLS, it remains unclear whether misfolded, wildtype SOD1 triggers eR-Golgi dysfunction. In this study we show that both extracellular, native wildtype and mutant SOD1 are taken up by macropinocytosis into neuronal cells. hence uptake does not depend on SOD1 mutation or misfolding. We also demonstrate that purified mutant SOD1 added exogenously to neuronal cells inhibits protein transport between the eR-Golgi apparatus, leading to Golgi fragmentation, induction of eR stress and apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, we show that extracellular, aggregated, wildtype SOD1 also induces eR-Golgi pathology similar to mutant SOD1, leading to apoptotic cell death. hence extracellu...

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“…In addition, aggregation of mtSOD1 is associated with altered SOD1 maturation and intermolecular disulfide cross-linking of SOD1 * This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health cysteine residues (17)(18)(19)(20). Of note, wtSOD1 cysteine residues can be modified by oxidation, which alters its structure, and has been proposed to be important in the pathogenesis of sporadic ALS (21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Alsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoylation of Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) Is Increased for Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-linked SOD1 Mutants

Antinone

Ghadge

Lam

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Mutations in SOD1 cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Results: SOD1 undergoes palmitoylation in the spinal cord and multiple cell types. Palmitoylation occurs predominantly on immature SOD1 and is increased for ALS-linked SOD1 mutants. Conclusion: Palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational modification of SOD1 cysteine residues. Significance: Palmitoylation could affect SOD1 toxicity by altering its folding, membrane targeting, and/or function.

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An over-oxidized form of superoxide dismutase found in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with bulbar onset shares a toxic mechanism with mutant SOD1

Cited by 173 publications

References 30 publications

Endogenous macrophage migration inhibitory factor reduces the accumulation and toxicity of misfolded SOD1 in a mouse model of ALS

Endogenous macrophage migration inhibitory factor reduces the accumulation and toxicity of misfolded SOD1 in a mouse model of ALS

Extracellular wildtype and mutant SOD1 induces ER–Golgi pathology characteristic of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in neuronal cells

Palmitoylation of Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) Is Increased for Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-linked SOD1 Mutants

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