An oversampled multibit CMOS D/A converter for digital audio with 115-dB dynamic range

CMOS Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters

“…The architecture of the multi-bit D / A converter is shown in Figure 8.50 [94]. Before the oversampled signal can be applied to this converter a pre- processing of the data will take place.…”

“…The spectral component at 2.75 kHz introduced by the self-calibration system is found at a level of -130 dB referred to full scale. In Table 8 Table 8.5: Multi-bit D/ A converter specification [94] performance D / A converter can be designed with a limited oversampling frequency. 8.7.5 Multi-bit digital-to-analog converter using randomized Dynamic Element Matching…”

“…In this case the quantization errors are randomized and appear as noise. Examples of designed 16-to 24-bits digital-to-analog converters will be shown [100,93,94]. Furthermore a combination of the analog output filter with the digital-to-analog converter will be described.…”

Metrological Properties of a/D Converters Utilizing Higher Order Sigma–delta Modulators Compared With a/D Converters With Modulators of First Order

“…The noise shaping action performed by consecutive digital filtering can be then associated with the action of digital to analogue conversion [9,10,11] taking place at the output end of the digital audio system.…”

“…For applications in instrumentation systems no further improvements can be obtained, but in digital audio systems where not the quantization error but the signal to noise ratio is of prime importance, further reduction of noise level can be obtained by including sophisticated digital filtering in digital-to-analogue converters [9][10][11].…”