An Overview and Countermeasure of Global Wave Energy Classification

Abstract

Wave energy will be an important support to deal with the energy crisis of human society. A scientific energy classification scheme is a prerequisite support for the macro-scale optimized layout, micro-scale accurate site selection and a blueprinting of development routes for wave energy. Based on the indicator considered, this study first divides the global wave energy classification into three stages: preliminary exploration stage, mid-term development stage and relatively mature stage, and then sorts out the main strengths and weaknesses of each stage. It is found that the current classification scheme has six typical bottlenecks such as inconsistency with physical mechanisms, inability to meet the needs of diverse tasks, inapplicability in some seasons/months, etc. To effectively address them, a dynamic adaptive wave energy classification scheme is proposed, which can consider all elements, is suitable for diverse tasks, is available at all times and is applicable to all regions. Based on this, the concepts of absolute and relative classes, a dynamic mapping of wave energy classification, and a future energy classification are proposed, with the expectation of promoting the industrialization and scaling of wave energy.

Interdecadal Variation Trend of Arctic Wind Energy

“…The highest wind power density sites are located in Ardabil, Gorgan, and Zanjan. Zheng et al [17] identified six common bottlenecks in current energy classification schemes, including inconsistencies with physical mechanisms, inability to meet diverse task requirements, and applicability issues in certain seasons/months. To address these challenges, a dynamic adaptive wave energy classification scheme that takes into account various factors is adaptable for different tasks, is available at any time, and is suitable for use across regions has been proposed.…”

Assessment of Wave Energy Converters Based on Historical Data from a Given Point in the Sea

“…Within this field, wave energy has some important advantages, especially due to the continuous availability of the source, all day and year-round, and to its low environmental impact compared to other energy sources, since it does not generate emissions or pollution during its operation [2]. However, there are also challenges to consider, such as the technical complexity of designing and maintaining wave energy conversion systems, the high initial costs of implementing these technologies, and significant seasonal variability in wave energy [3,4].…”