An Overview of Architecture and Applications of IoT‐Based Health Care Systems

Addressing Signal Drift and Screening for Detection of Biomarkers with Carbon Nanotube Transistors

“…Rapid, unobtrusive, and low-cost detection of key diagnostic biomarkers can play a vital role in patient outcome and quality of life. − Despite significant advancements in the landscape of diagnostic medicine, the most prevalent means of biomarker detection (e.g., ELISA, PCR) rely on complex techniques in centralized laboratory facilities equipped with expensive machinery, rendering them inaccessible to patients at the bedside or in limited-resource settings. , Exploration of various types of biosensors, including those with electrical, piezoelectric, electrochemical, and optical transducers, has enabled significant advances toward point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. − Biosensors that rely on field-effect transistors (FETs), also known as BioFETs, offer one of the most promising routes to the realization of scalable POC biosensors due to their inherent simplicity, low-cost, sensitivity, and compatibility with the Internet of things (IoT). − One- and two-dimensional electronic materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), graphene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have advantages over traditional Si-based FET technology due to their intrinsically atomic-scale size and resultantly high sensitivity. − Carbon nanotube-based devices are of particular interest in the electronic biosensor community due to their innate electrical, chemical, and mechanical properties (e.g., high mobility in a thin film, chemical inertness, and solution-phase processability), which show promise for yielding many of the characteristics necessary for the ideal POC biosensor. ,− …”