An overview of calibration materials used in thermal analysis—benzoic acid

Wright, S.F.; Phang, Pauline; Dollimore, D.; Alexander, Kenneth S.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(02)00108-9

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The Eyring equation was used also to calibrate the instrument using the recommended standard benzoic acid, and the sublimation enthalpy determined was 92.5 ± 0.9 kJ·mol −1 . This value is in agreement with that reported by Wright et al using the same heating rate of 5 °C/min [28].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Characterization of the Sublimation and Vapor Pressure of 2-(2-Nitrovinyl) Furan (G-0) Using Thermogravimetric Analysis: Effects of Complexation with Cyclodextrins

et al. 2015

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Abstract:In the present work, the sublimation of crystalline solid 2-(2-nitrovinyl) furan (G-0) in the temperature range of 35 to 60 °C (below the melting point of the drug) was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sublimated product was characterized using Fourier-transformed-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). The sublimation rate at each temperature was obtained using the slope of the linear regression model and followed apparent zero-order kinetics. The sublimation enthalpy from 35 to 60 °C was obtained from the Eyring equation. The Gückel method was used to estimate the sublimation rate and vapor pressure at 25 °C. Physical mixtures, kneaded and freeze-dried complexes were prepared with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2015, 20 15176(SBE-β-CD) and analyzed using isothermal TGA at 50 °C. The complexation contributed to reducing the sublimation process. The best results were achieved using freeze-dried complexes with both cyclodextrins.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Characterization of the Sublimation and Vapor Pressure of 2-(2-Nitrovinyl) Furan (G-0) Using Thermogravimetric Analysis: Effects of Complexation with Cyclodextrins

et al. 2015

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“…The TG equipment was previously calibrated with a crystalline form of benzoic acid, which was an IUPAC recommended calibration material 15. The sample amount for each run was controlled at a constant of 10.0 ± 0.5 mg. Measurements were conducted at 10°C/min of heating rate from 40 to 70°C under a constant nitrogen gas purge at a fixed flow rate of 100 mL/min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic investigations of nitroxoline sublimation by simultaneous DSC-FTIR method and isothermal TG analysis

Gao

Lin

2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Knowing the vapour pressure of the standard compound at different temperatures and obtaining d m /d t from TG/DTG plots can determine the value of k . Benzoic acid has been assumed as a suitable material for this role [28,29]. The effect of temperature on the vapour pressure of benzoic acid can be expressed by equation (2.1), in which A–C are the Antoine constants taken in a certain temperature range for the evaporating species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the vapour pressure curves and vaporization enthalpies of hafnium alkoxides using thermogravimetric analysis

2019

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In order to identify a volatile metallo-organic precursor for the deposition of hafnium oxide (HfO2) films for atomic layer deposition (ALD) applications, the evaporative properties of hafnium alkoxides (hafnium isopropoxide, hafnium n-propoxide and hafnium n-butoxide) were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. These hafnium alkoxide samples were synthesized by the electrochemical method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and inductively coupled plasma analysis techniques. The characterization results indicated that the products were 99.997% high-purity hafnium alkoxides and could meet the requirement of purity considering the usage of making HfO2 gate oxide by ALD. Synthesized samples were subjected to a simultaneous thermogravimetric–differential thermal analysis unit at 10 K min−1 in a dry nitrogen atmosphere flowing at 100 ml min−1. Benzoic acid was used to calculate a calibration constant, which could then be inserted into a modified Langmuir equation to calculate vapour pressure curves for hafnium isopropoxide and hafnium n-propoxide. Detailed vapour pressure data for the HfO2 precursor hafnium alkoxides were determined. The vapour pressure curve of hafnium isopropoxide was constructed within the first stage, and calculated to be lnp = 31.157 (±0.200)−13130.57 (±56.50)/T. Hafnium n-propoxide and hafnium n-butoxide were simultaneously undergoing evaporation and decomposition, thus making calculations invalid.

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An overview of calibration materials used in thermal analysis—benzoic acid

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Characterization of the Sublimation and Vapor Pressure of 2-(2-Nitrovinyl) Furan (G-0) Using Thermogravimetric Analysis: Effects of Complexation with Cyclodextrins

Characterization of the Sublimation and Vapor Pressure of 2-(2-Nitrovinyl) Furan (G-0) Using Thermogravimetric Analysis: Effects of Complexation with Cyclodextrins

Thermodynamic investigations of nitroxoline sublimation by simultaneous DSC-FTIR method and isothermal TG analysis

Determination of the vapour pressure curves and vaporization enthalpies of hafnium alkoxides using thermogravimetric analysis

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