An Overview of Crowd Evacuation Simulation

A Comprehensive Study on Pedestrians’ Evacuation

“…The crowd is performing a bunch of people together [4]. It is the only condition in which reverse could be the alternative of panic rather than being touched [21].…”

“…The issue of evacuation proceeds to the crowd's movement and it is affected by the physical and social environment, such as the high degree of danger, pressure, and lack of data, which is a mixture of environmental hazards; population demographics and the attendee's conduct [3]. A crowd is gathering of a group of people [4] that has many features, during simulation a number of potential behaviors are anticipated [5], and simulation is a way of guessing behaviors through answering for the "what-if" conditions [6]. Hence, Crowd evacuation is a way to aping the behavior of participants in the same situation [4], in the last 20 years many types of research have been done, practicing evacuation have been considered to lower the damages; deaths and injuries in emergency situations involving pedestrians [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

“…A crowd is gathering of a group of people [4] that has many features, during simulation a number of potential behaviors are anticipated [5], and simulation is a way of guessing behaviors through answering for the "what-if" conditions [6]. Hence, Crowd evacuation is a way to aping the behavior of participants in the same situation [4], in the last 20 years many types of research have been done, practicing evacuation have been considered to lower the damages; deaths and injuries in emergency situations involving pedestrians [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The sole purpose of the investigations is to improve a managing emergency situation that is why many models are enhanced to see how people react in different scenarios in emergencies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…The sole purpose of the investigations is to improve a managing emergency situation that is why many models are enhanced to see how people react in different scenarios in emergencies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. One way of finding solutions is modeling thus after the careful examination because of the originality of the procedure it has been renamed a model [4]. The models could be divided into three groups; classical, hybridized and generic models, each of which is subdivided.…”

A Simulation Model for Pedestrian Crowd Evacuation Based on Various AI Techniques

“…A vast number of models is developed to know individual behaviors, such as how individual react a specific condition and how to deal with varied kind of scenarios in the crowd during an emergency; the entire investigations have been there for creating a foundation of enhancement in managing emergencies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Modeling is a way of answering difficulties, thus, a newly developed framework after analyzing and controlling via basic pro-test shows the authenticity of its procedures to be mentioned as a model [4]. Existing models can be separated into three main groups: the first one is classical models, the second one is hybridized models, and the third one is a generic model.…”