An Overview of Current Accomplishments and Gaps of COVID-19 Vaccine Platforms and Considerations for Next Generation Vaccines

Kale, Akanksha; Gaur, Amitabh; Menon, Ipshita; Chirmule, Narendra; Bagwe, Priyal; Jawa, Rayan; Vijayanand, Sharon; Patil, Smital; Suresh, Surekha; Jawa, Vibha

doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2023.01.019

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Potential differences depending on the type of vaccines might have an impact on immune response and thus on the outcome of breakthrough infection. 17 Our findings support the relevance of triple vaccination for patients with IRD, since in this cohort of patients, triple vaccination was associated with lower rate of hospitalisation and fatal outcome compared with UV. Double vaccination was not significantly associated with lower rate, as in our study only TV patients (n=56) showed a significantly reduced rate of COVID-19-related deaths.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Potential differences depending on the type of vaccines might have an impact on immune response and thus on the outcome of breakthrough infection. 17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other pathways such as kinetics involved in cytokines and their receptors, and stimulation of non-T cell responses remain poorly understood. Potential differences depending on the type of vaccines might have an impact on immune response and thus on the outcome of breakthrough infection 17…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections among double-vaccinated and triple-vaccinated patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveTo analyse the clinical profile of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in at least double-vaccinated patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs).MethodsData from the physician-reported German COVID-19-IRD registry collected between February 2021 and July 2022 were analysed. SARS-CoV-2 cases were stratified according to patients’ vaccination status as being not vaccinated, double-vaccinated or triple-vaccinated prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection and descriptively compared. Independent associations between demographic and disease features and outcome of breakthrough infections were estimated by multivariable logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 2314 cases were included in the analysis (unvaccinated n=923, double-vaccinated n=551, triple-vaccinated n=803, quadruple-vaccinated n=37). SARS-CoV-2 infections occurred after a median of 151 (range 14–347) days in patients being double-vaccinated, and after 88 (range 14–270) days in those with a third vaccination. Hospitalisation was required in 15% of unvaccinated, 8% of double-vaccinated and 3% of triple-vaccinated/quadruple-vaccinated patients (p<0.001). Mortality was 2% in unvaccinated, 1.8% in the double-vaccinated and 0.6% in triple-vaccinated patients. Compared with unvaccinated patients, double-vaccinated (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.62) and triple-vaccinated (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.21) patients showed a significant lower risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation. Using multivariable analysis, the third vaccination was significantly associated with a lower risk for COVID-19-related death (OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.73).ConclusionsOur cross-sectional data of COVID-19 infections in patients with IRD showed a significant reduction of hospitalisation due to infection in double-vaccinated or triple-vaccinated patients compared with those without vaccination and even a significant reduction of COVID-19-related deaths in triple-vaccinated patients. These data strongly support the beneficial effect of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with IRD.Trial registration numberEuDRACT 2020-001958-21.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Potential differences depending on the type of vaccines might have an impact on immune response and thus on the outcome of breakthrough infection. 17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%