An overview of D-galactose utilization through microbial fermentation and enzyme-catalyzed conversion

Chen, Qiuming; Xu, Wei; Wu, Hao; Guang, Cuie; Zhang, Wenli; Mu, Wanmeng

doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11568-5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…To further explore the robustness and practicability of our method, we also tested pharmaceutical intermediates, fragrances, derivatives of natural products, and bioactive compounds that possess challenging functional groups, chiral centers, and structures (Table ). It was encouraging to find several examples that achieved the desired chiral transformation in moderate to high yield with excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivies, such as the derivative of commercial dl -menthol ( 7q ), a general flavor enhancer and stimulant used in fragrances and medicine; protected d -galactose ( 7r ), a raw material for biomass fuel and low-calorie sweetener; steroid hormone estrone ( 7s ); antiinflammatory drug isoxepac , ( 7t ); and β-cholestanol ( 7u ). These results showed strong potential for the application of this catalyst and method toward the synthesis of complex optically active molecules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Supported Chiral Heterogeneous Copper Catalyst for Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones and Imines under Batch and Flow

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Catal.

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Enantioselective conjugate addition reactions are powerful methods in synthesizing optically active molecules. Procedures that employ chiral homogeneous catalysts have been developed extensively, but ones that use chiral heterogeneous catalysts are less explored and remain a challenge. Here we report a polymer-supported chiral heterogeneous copper catalyst that demonstrated high reactivity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric conjugate addition reactions of both ketones and imines. It was found that reduced steric hindrance inside the micro catalytic environment and a 1:1 ligand to metal ratio was crucial for the high efficiency and reusability of the chiral heterogeneous catalyst. Various α,β-unsaturated carbonyl substrates, including pharmaceutical intermediates and natural products, could be transformed in high yields with high enantioselectivities. Successful application of this methodology in a continuous flow fashion further broadened its usage in dealing with sensitive organozinc reagents. In addition, production was successfully scaled up under the flow condition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Supported Chiral Heterogeneous Copper Catalyst for Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones and Imines under Batch and Flow

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Catal.

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“…Rhodophyta algae are rich in galactose, a naturally occurring sugar which is processed by a wide range of microorganisms. Due to its abundance and potential industrial use, it has attracted academic interest [104] and is tested for various fermentation products (Figure 6). extreme conditions.…”

Section: The Fermentation Of Rhodophyta-type Saccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Potential Raw Material for Fermentation Processes within the Biorefinery Concept: Challenges and Perspectives

Tabacof,

Calado,

Pereira

2024

Fermentation

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Seaweed is a fast-growing biomass source that is currently studied as feedstock for sustainable industrial production in a wide variety of markets. Being composed mostly of polysaccharides, macroalgae can be integrated in biorefineries for obtaining bioproducts via fermentation. Kappaphycus alvarezii has been introduced experimentally to Brazil’s south coastline in 1995 and is now cultivated on a large scale to keep up with the high carrageenan demand in various industrial sectors. In this review article, an introduction is given on renewable biomass and environmental issues, focusing especially on third-generation biomass and its promising features and use advantages. Later on, the processing of K. alvarezii for the use of its saccharide portion for fermentative processes is approached. The current state of research conducted alongside challenges and hurdles in K. alvarezii hydrolysate fermentation processes provides insight into future studies needed to make new fermentation processes viable. Next, some fermentation products are discussed, and the metabolism of galactose in microorganisms is also presented to bring to light other possible fermentation products that are not yet, but can be, obtained from K. alvarezii. Finally, a simple and comprehensive scheme for K. alvarezii fermentation biorefinery is presented to demonstrate a generic example for a possible configuration for obtaining valuable bio-products. In the literature, production of ethanol and lactic acid were already reported from K. alvarezii. This review aims to help envision new industrial processes that can be developed for this most valuable macroalga.

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“…Moreover, galactose is frequently present in marine biomass such as macroalgae and is also a principal sugar in dairy by-products. (Chen et al 2021 ; Lee et al 2011 ; Lim et al 2013 ). While a handful of studies have ventured into elucidating galactose utilization or engineering the metabolic pathway in B. subtilis , the utilization of galactose utilization from soybean-based biomass by B. subtilis remains largely uncharted (Chai et al 2012 ; Kim et al 2010 ; Krispin and Allmansberger 1998a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Bacillus subtilis J46 for efficient utilization of galactose through adaptive laboratory evolution

Choi,

Song,

Hong

et al. 2024

AMB Expr

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Efficient utilization of galactose by microorganisms can lead to the production of valuable bio-products and improved metabolic processes. While Bacillus subtilis has inherent pathways for galactose metabolism, there is potential for enhancement via evolutionary strategies. This study aimed to boost galactose utilization in B. subtilis using adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) and to elucidate the genetic and metabolic changes underlying the observed enhancements. The strains of B. subtilis underwent multiple rounds of adaptive laboratory evolution (approximately 5000 generations) in an environment that favored the use of galactose. This process resulted in an enhanced specific growth rate of 0.319 ± 0.005 h−1, a significant increase from the 0.03 ± 0.008 h−1 observed in the wild-type strains. Upon selecting the evolved strain BSGA14, a comprehensive whole-genome sequencing revealed the presence of 63 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two of them, located in the coding sequences of the genes araR and glcR, were found to be the advantageous mutations after reverse engineering. The strain with these two accumulated mutations, BSGALE4, exhibited similar specific growth rate on galactose to the evolved strain BSGA14 (0.296 ± 0.01 h−1). Furthermore, evolved strain showed higher productivity of protease and β-galactosidase in mock soybean biomass medium. ALE proved to be a potent tool for enhancing galactose metabolism in B. subtilis. The findings offer valuable insights into the potential of evolutionary strategies in microbial engineering and pave the way for industrial applications harnessing enhanced galactose conversion.

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An overview of D-galactose utilization through microbial fermentation and enzyme-catalyzed conversion

Cited by 8 publications

References 78 publications

Polymer-Supported Chiral Heterogeneous Copper Catalyst for Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones and Imines under Batch and Flow

Polymer-Supported Chiral Heterogeneous Copper Catalyst for Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones and Imines under Batch and Flow

The Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Potential Raw Material for Fermentation Processes within the Biorefinery Concept: Challenges and Perspectives

Engineering Bacillus subtilis J46 for efficient utilization of galactose through adaptive laboratory evolution

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