An Overview of Emerging Trends in Gene Therapy for Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Clinical trials have long recognized cancer treatment as a top priority. Different approaches have been devised for dealing with tumors of different types and at different stages. When it came to curing cancer, gene therapy was vital. The advancement of genome engineering technologies over the past thirty years has pushed forward gene therapy for the treatment and management of chronic diseases. It is the hope of researchers that one day they will be able to treat individuals with single gene disorders and complicated acquired diseases in a way that is both safe and successful. Gene delivery is a promising new method for detecting, diagnosing, and maybe treating cancer, made possible by recent developments in genetic engineering. Naked nucleic acid-based treatment, targeting microRNAs, oncolytic viral therapy, suicide gene-based therapy, targeting telomerase, cell-mediated gene therapeutics, and CRISPR/Cas9-based therapies are just few of the cancer medicines that have been created and tested in vitro and in vivo. This article provides a critical overview of the present and diverse cancer gene therapy methodologies, as well as a summary of the available viral and non-viral gene delivery mechanisms for gene therapy. In the future, biosafe carriers for gene products will play a crucial role in the prevention of cancer.