An Overview of Fisheries and Aquaculture in India

Abstract

Fisheries play an important role in the world economy and food for million. All over the world, more than 30 million fishers and fish farmers and their families gain their livelihoods from fisheries. Globally, fish provide about 16 per cent of the animal protein consumed by humans, and are a valuable source of minerals and essential fatty acids. Although, wild fishery resources are in practice finite for production purposes. If they are overexploited, production declines and may even collapse. What made possible the continuing rise in overall fish production is the rapid growth of aquaculture. Global fish production has grown steadily in the last five decades with food fish supply increasing at an average annual rate of 3.2 per cent, outpacing world population growth at 1.6 per cent. Capture fisheries and aquaculture supplied the world with about 158.0 million tonnes of fish in 2012 of which 91.3 million tonnes was from capture fishery and 66.6 million tonnes from aquaculture. In the same year, total production of India was 8.66 million tonnes which included 3.372 million tonnes from capture fishery and 5.294 million tonnes from aquaculture and noticed increase at an annual rate of 5.2 percent in compare to population growth rate at 1.3%.India's export earnings increased rapidly and almost doubled within 6 years i.e. 8363.52 crores in 2006-07 to 16597.23 crores in 2011-12. In this study, statistical analysis of fish production was done against the world to estimate its growth in compare to world.

A century of parasitology in fisheries and aquaculture

“…It is also from these ancient aquacultures that the first reports of fish parasites appeared (Lom & Dykova, 1992). Asia is still the main producer of aquacultured fish (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2022), and the other main players in this region, historically and currently, are Indonesia (Rimmer et al , 2013), India (Kumar et al , 2015) and Vietnam (De Silva & Phuong, 2011). In Africa, archaeological evidence points to early fish-keeping in small ponds in ancient Egypt (Costa-Pierce, 2022), associated with exceedingly early reports of the occurrence of fish pathogens (Snieszko, 1975), whereas large-scale farming developed much later in East Africa (Dadzie, 1992; Mwainge et al , 2021).…”

Resources and Productivity of Indian Aquaculture – Status and Prospects

“…Carp farming is the mainstay of aquaculture in India contributing about 90% of the culture production satisfying the domestic need. Instead, coastal aquaculture of shrimps with only 5% share in production contributes much of the export earnings (Kumar et al, 2015). However, carp farming suffers huge difference in the yield obtained from experimental stations, farm experiments and the average farm yield (Katiha et al, 2005).…”

Assessing the Economic Impact of the Fishing Industry in Coastal Karnataka: A Case Analysis

“…For millions of people in India, fish is a key protein source. By offering a supply of healthy and reasonably priced food, the fishing industry contributes to increased food security (Kumar P. et al (2015). [1]).…”