An overview of frequency synthesizers for radars

Galani, Z.; Campbell, Richard A.

doi:10.1109/22.79105

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Following the success of the integrated CMOS RF transceivers, various CMOS T/R switches have been implemented for different frequencies to further increase the level of the integration of RF CMOS front-ends. Huang and Kenneth presented the design of a transmit/receive (T/R) switch with low insertion loss (IL) and improved input 1-dB compression point (IP1dB) at 0.9-and 2.4-GHz by using off-chip impedance transformation network, sufficient substrate contacts, and optimized device sizes [1]. The work by Ohnakado et al demonstrates that the linearity of the CMOS T/R switch can be further improved by using stacking architecture and depletion-layer-extended transistors (DETs) [2].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ka‐band frequency synthesizer using LTCC technology

Zhan

Qiu

Yang

et al. 2009

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This article is dedicated to the research on a Ka-band frequency synthesizer based on low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) technology. This module is composed of an X-band phase locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer and a millimeter-wave quadrupler. In this design, all devices and filters which buried in the substrate are in the same Ferro-A6M LTCC board. Measurements show that the Ka-band LTCC frequency synthesizer covers 34.8-35.2 GHz with a minimal step of 40 MHz, low-phase noise (<À83 dBc/Hz @1 kHz), low-spurious level (À62 dBc), fast-hopping time (<15us). The board size is 33 cm 2 . So far as we know, this is the first time to realize a LTCC frequency synthesizer module on a single LTCC board in millimeter wave band.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ka‐band frequency synthesizer using LTCC technology

Zhan

Qiu

Yang

et al. 2009

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…Several configurations of irises able to serve as rejection units and easily fabricated were proposed in Refs. [1][2][3]. They are united by the fact that the background of corresponding rejection phenomena is a general property of a multiaperture iris with resonant apertures to provide the multiplets of alternate total rejection and total transmission resonances in the waveguide singlemode frequency range [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, development efforts in these fields are hindered by the difficulty in finding solid-state frequency source with sufficient power, low phase noise, small size, and large bandwidth for general use in variety of projects. Because multiplier not only extends the frequency range but also keeps the merits of microwave synthesizer, such as low phase noise, narrow frequency step, multioutput frequency points, etc [1,2], multiplier chain pumped by a phaselocked microwave frequency synthesizer might be the best way of generating mm-waves. This W-band multiplied frequency synthesizer has advantages in wider frequency band, lower phase noise, lower power consumption, and smaller system size when compared with the Gunn phase-locked signal sources [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A miniature frequency synthesizer module in W‐band

Ruimin

Lin

2009

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This article is dedicated to the research on a miniaturized W‐band multiplied phase‐locked frequency synthesizer. This module adopts microwave frequency synthesizer and multiplying scheme. It is composed of a C‐band phase‐locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer and a millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) ×4 × 3 multiplier chain. Measurements show that the W‐band multiplied frequency synthesizer module covers 92.4–95.6 GHz with a minimal step of 40 MHz, low phase noise (better than −75 dBc/Hz@10 kHz in the whole output frequency band), sufficient power (−5.7 dBm to −3.6 dBm), and only a very compact size of 9.8 cm long ×9.5 cm wide ×2.7 cm high. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 412–416, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24915

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“…The direct analog synthesizer is today's most advanced technique offering unprecedented speed and phase noise performance [5], [6]. The desired signal is obtained by mixing reference frequencies followed by switched filters as depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Synthesizer Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

A broadband, low phase noise, fast switching PLL frequency synthesizer

Chenakin

2008

2008 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium

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This paper presents a low phase noise, fast switching speed PLL synthesizer, which employs a simple and costeffective direct-indirect architecture. The PLL residual noise floor of about -140 dBc/Hz is achieved by removing frequency division from the phase-locked loop, while the required frequency step is provided by multiplying and mixing the reference frequency. The measured phase noise at a 10 GHz output and 10 kHz offset is limited by the available reference at -120 dBc/Hz, while the tuning speed is less than 10 uSec.

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An overview of frequency synthesizers for radars

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

A Ka‐band frequency synthesizer using LTCC technology

A Ka‐band frequency synthesizer using LTCC technology

A miniature frequency synthesizer module in W‐band

A broadband, low phase noise, fast switching PLL frequency synthesizer

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