An Overview of Hepatic Echinococcosis and the Characteristic CT and MRI Imaging Manifestations

Yu, Xiao-Kun; Zhang, Le; Ma, Wenjun; Bi, Wen-Zhong; Ju, Sheng-Gang

doi:10.2147/idr.s331957

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Kodama et al reported the MRI presentation and characteristics of 35 cases of HAE and classified them into 5 types: type I is multiple small vesicles without a solid mass; type II is multiple small vesicles with a solid mass; type III is a solid component surrounding a large and/or irregular cyst with multiple small vesicles; type IV is a solid mass without small vesicles; type V is a large vesicle without a solid mass; the lesion is predominantly low signal on both T1WI/T2WI, with small vesicles showing a high signal on T2WI and mildly enhancing at the edges of the lesion after enhancement ( 8 ). Yu et al reported that the basic CT signs of HAE include a heterogeneous and substantial mass with unremarkable enhancement on enhanced scans; characteristic features include vesicular signs, calcified foci, central liquefied necrosis or cavities ( 9 ). The imaging presentation of this case was consistent with HAE type III, as proposed by Kodama et al Small cysts could be seen within the solid component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis accompanied by lung and kidney metastases: a case description of imaging findings

Gao,

Tan,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis accompanied by lung and kidney metastases: a case description of imaging findings

Gao,

Tan,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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“…The location of the focus and its relationship with blood vessels and biliary tracts can be displayed in many directions, which can more accurately assess vascular and biliary complications. It is extremely important for selecting treatment plans, designing operation modes and predicting surgical risk [ 7 , 28 , 29 ]. Since Kodama et al [ 30 ] classified AE into five subtypes by MRI, it is suggested that the characteristics of AE lesions in CEUS may depend on the subtype of AE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can contrast-enhanced ultrasound differentiate the type of hepatic echinococcosis: cystic echinococcosis or alveolar echinococcosis?

et al. 2023

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Background Hepatic echinococcosis (HE) is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus, and Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis are the most common, causing cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), respectively. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an imaging technique which has been recommended for identifying focal lesions in the liver. However, the effect of CEUS on the differentiation of hepatic echinococcosis type remains unclear. Methods Twenty-five patients with 46 HE lesions confirmed by histopathology in our hospital from December 2019 to May 2022 were reviewed by conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS examinations, respectively. After US was completed, the CEUS study was performed. A bolus injection of 1.0–1.2 ml of a sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble contrast agent (SonoVue®) was administered. The images and clips of the lesions by US and CEUS were reviewed retrospectively. The lesions detected using US were evaluated including the location, size, morphology, margin, internal echogenicity and the internal Doppler signal. The lesions detected using CEUS were evaluated including the enhancement degree, enhancement pattern and enhancing boundary in different phases. The diagnoses of lesions by US or CEUS were respectively recorded. By taking the histopathology as the gold standard, the paired Chi-square test was performed with statistical software (IBM SPSS; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), and the results of differentiation of HE type by US and CEUS were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 46 lesions were involved in 25 patients, including 10 males (40.0%) and 15 females (60.0%) aged 15–55 (42.9 ± 10.3) years. By histopathology, 24 lesions of nine patients were diagnosed as CE and 22 lesions of 16 patients were diagnosed as AE. Among the 46 HE lesions, compared with histopathological examination, the accuracy rate was 65.2% and 91.3% in US and CEUS findings, respectively. Among the 24 CE lesions, 13 lesions were correctly differentiated by US, and 23 by CEUS. The difference between US and CEUS was statistically significant (Chi-square test, $${\chi }^{2}$$ χ 2 = 8.10, df = 23, P < 0.005). Among the total 46 HE lesions, 30 lesions were correctly differentiated by US, and 42 by CEUS. The difference between US and CEUS was statistically significant (Chi-square test, $${\chi }^{2}$$ χ 2 = 10.08, df = 45, P < 0.005). Conclusions CEUS is a more effective technique than US for differentiating the type of HE between CE and AE. It could be a reliable tool in the differentiation of HE.

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“…The characteristic CT or T2-weighted MRI findings of liver AE are mainly multiple, indistinct and irregular low-density lesions ( 3 , 14 ). Extrahepatic lesions have a multicystic, honeycomb appearance, with septations, and may be accompanied by calcification and/or rim enhancement ( 3 , 15 , 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated alveolar echinococcosis in a patient diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report

2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a parasitic zoonosis with high mortality and disability rates. Diverse clinical manifestations and mimicking of differential diagnoses such as tuberculosis and malignancy pose a diagnostic dilemma. With the rapid development of molecular diagnostic techniques in recent years, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has become an attractive approach for the etiological diagnosis of infectious diseases.Case presentationwe report a case of 51-year-old Chinese Tibetan male presented with 3-year low-back pain and 4-month discomfort in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. He had been in good health. He was diagnosed with tuberculosis and was given anti-tuberculosis treatment a month prior to the visit, but the symptoms were not relieved. Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) revealed a hypodense lesion with uneven enhancement in the liver, and two ring-enhancing cystic lesions in the right abdominal wall. Lumbar spine enhanced MRI showed lesions of mixed density with uneven enhancement in the L1 vertebra and paraspinal tissue. The pathological results of the liver biopsy revealed parasitic infection and possibly echinococcosis. The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of the puncture fluid of abdominal cysts using Illumina X10 sequencer revealed 585 sequence reads matching Echinococcus multilocularis. Disseminated AE was diagnosed. Albendazole (400 mg, twice daily) was used, and the patient was in stable condition during follow-up.ConclusionsmNGS may be a useful tool for the diagnosis of AE. The case would help clinicians to improve their diagnostic skills.

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An Overview of Hepatic Echinococcosis and the Characteristic CT and MRI Imaging Manifestations

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis accompanied by lung and kidney metastases: a case description of imaging findings

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis accompanied by lung and kidney metastases: a case description of imaging findings

Can contrast-enhanced ultrasound differentiate the type of hepatic echinococcosis: cystic echinococcosis or alveolar echinococcosis?

Disseminated alveolar echinococcosis in a patient diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report

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