An Overview of Hydrogen Storage Methods

Comparative analysis of the efficiencies of hydrogen storage systems utilising solid state H storage materials

“…At the same time, in the publications on solid state hydrogen storage, the gravimetric and volumetric densities, as a rule, are presented for the material itself, without taking into account weight of the containment, shell volume, as well as differences between the actual and bulk / packing densities of the hydrogen storage material. As we have shown earlier in [3], such an approach results in the overestimated efficiencies.…”

“…Because of the "loose" MOF structure, there are various approaches in determining density of this type of materials, , the parameter that defines the gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen storage densities in the material (see below). As example, for MOF-5 the theoretical crystallographic density is equal to 0.605 g/cm 3 while the skeletal density 1 determined by helium pycnometry is 2.03 g/cm 3 [12].…”

“…Hydrogen storage is a key enabling technology for the advancement of hydrogen and fuel cell power systems in transportation, stationary, and portable applications. The main challenge is in finding an efficient way to deliver hydrogen to the consumer, as at normal conditions it is a low density gas (0.09 kg/m 3 ), thus requiring a densification [1][2][3][4]. The improvements of the performances of H 2 stores can be achieved by minimising the volume and weight of the storage systems, as well as by reducing the energy consumption required to enable hydrogen uptake or release.…”

Experimental study on a laboratory scale Totalized Hydrogen Energy Utilization System for solar photovoltaic application

“…Storage of hydrogen in liquid form ensures higher energy density than the gaseous form. These two technologies are well understood but considerable energy is required for compression (15% of hydrogen heating value at 200 bar) or liquefaction (28% of hydrogen heating value), needs special maintenance and safety precautions [23,24]. Hydrogen molecules do not interact with the storage medium in both these cases.…”

High temperature hydrogenation of Ti–V alloys: The effect of cycling and carbon monoxide on the bulk and surface properties

“…200 C. The formation enthalpy of FCC vanadium dihydride VH 2 is much lower than that of TiH 2 , only À40 kJ/mol H 2 [13,14]. As the equilibrium pressure of 1 bar H 2 is reached at a rather modest temperature,~20 C, vanadium dihydride is classified as a low temperature hydride [15]. Alloying titanium with vanadium results in the formation of solid solutions at all Ti/V ratios, which in turn form dihydrides (Ti,V)H 2 .…”