An overview of Indonesian coastal environmental management

Sloan, N. A.; ugandhy, A. S

doi:10.1080/08920759409362233

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Indonesian government policy supports community-based management regimes, and acknowledges that sustainable coastal management and regulatory enforcement in Indonesia cannot occur without community support. Implementation is affected, however, by a number of factors including an expanding and mobile human population, emerging national and international markets for valuable marine resources, the nature of the live-reef fish trade, a lack of defensible marine boundaries, the government's centralized policies, and a history of corruption at all levels (Bailey & Zerner, 1992;Lubis & Nearne, 1994;Sloan & Sugandhy 1994;Ruddle, 1996). Within the wide range of cultural, political, and economic issues affecting natural resource conservation and marine resource use in Indonesia (Hirsch & Downloaded by [Florida International University] at 21:59 25 December 2014 Warren, 1998;Li, 1999;Zerner, 2000), a series of more narrowly focused issues related to management of Indonesian MPAs have been identified by various authors, such as the conflicting needs and objectives of multiple users, severely limited financial and human resources, poor coordination among agencies, and jurisdictional disputes (Yates, 1994;Alder, 1995;Wicaksono, 1995;Kusuma-Atmadja & Purwaka, 1996).…”

Section: Mpas Coral Reef Ecosystems and Coral Reef Managementmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Indonesia consists of 17,500 islands and has an estimated population of 206 million people. It is the largest archipelago state and one of the world's largest biodiversity centers of coral ecosystems (Lubis & Nearne, 1994;Sloan & Sugandhy, 1994;Watson, 1995). According to the Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), only 7% of Indonesia's reefs remain in good condition, 30% have vanished, and the rest remain in critical condition (Republic of Indonesia Department of Foreign Affairs, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 A preliminary draft of a zoning system for WNP was prepared in 1996, and a complete management plan, including a revised zoning system, was developed in January 1998. The 1998 Management Plan is based on a centrally planned and controlled system of management which has been used with limited success in other MPAs in Indonesia (Sloan & Sugandhy, 1994;White et al, 1994;Alder, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community Participation in Marine Protected Area Management: Wakatobi National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Elliott¹,

Mitchell²,

Wiltshire³

et al. 2001

Coastal Management

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Coral reef areas are threatened worldwide by growing populations, tourism development, and use of poison and dynamite in fishing in areas adjacent to the reefs. The designation of marine protected areas is one strategy for addressing these problems. Downloaded by [Florida International University] at 21:59 25 December 2014 296 G. Elliott et al.approximately 50,000 ha of coral reefs and a resident population of Sama-Bajo people whose traditions and current livelihoods tie them closely to the sea. The present research, using participatory rural appraisal methods, focused upon the impact of the designation of the Marine Park on their lives and investigated the potential for public participation in park planning and management. The Wakatobi Park Management Plan does not address the needs and interests of local people. Priority should be placed on adaptation of park zoning and protection regulations to accommodate the livelihood requirements of indigenous communities.

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Section: Mpas Coral Reef Ecosystems and Coral Reef Managementmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community Participation in Marine Protected Area Management: Wakatobi National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Elliott¹,

Mitchell²,

Wiltshire³

et al. 2001

Coastal Management

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“…The management of coastal living and nonliving resources was included in the Indonesian Continental Shelf Law No. 1/1973 which declared control of the sea to a depth of 200 m (Sloan & Sugandhy, 1994). Claims on the sovereignty over the waters and their living resources within 200 nautical miles seaward of the archipelagic baseline was described in the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone Law No.…”

Section: Legal Basis For Fisheries Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of traditional common fishing grounds: The experience of the Para community, Indonesia

Mantjoro

1996

Coastal Management

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“…Decentralization and involvement of the various stakeholders in a co-management system are urgently needed (Sloan & Sugandhy 1994). But to give co-management a chance, a legislative and policy framework must be established, with a place for all stakeholders involved in exploitation and conservation of fisheries' resources.…”

Section: The Role Of the Governmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An economic analysis of blast fishing on Indonesian coral reefs

Pet-Soede

Cesar

Pet³

1999

Envir. Conserv.

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SummaryCharacteristics, impacts and economic costs and benefits of blast fishing have been little investigated and they were therefore studied in Indonesia, at the scale of individual fishing households and of Indonesian society as a whole. Although illegal and highly destructive to coral reefs, blast fishing provides income and fish to a vast number of coastal fishers who claim that they have no alternative to make a living. Crew members in small-, medium-and large-scale blast fishing operations earned net incomes per month of US$55, 146 and 197 respectively. Boat owners in the same types of operations earned US$55, 393 and 1100 respectively. These incomes were comparable to the highest incomes in the conventional coastal fisheries. At the individual household level, the differences between the three types of operations show clear incentives for scale enlargement. The cost-benefit balance at the society level was calculated with an economic model. This analysis showed a net loss after 20 years of blast fishing of US$306 800 per km 2 of coral reef where there is a high potential value of tourism and coastal protection, and US$33 900 per km 2 of coral reef where there is a low potential value. The main quantifiable costs are through loss of the coastal protection function, foregone benefits of tourism, and foregone benefits of non-destructive fisheries. The economic costs to society are four times higher than the total net private benefits from blast fishing in areas with high potential value of tourism and coastal protection. This analysis of characteristics, impact and economics of blast fishing should help to raise the political will to ban blast fishing from Indonesian waters. Moreover, it allows for an evaluation of possible management solutions, taking into account their costs and the socio-economic framework that caused coastal fishers to start using explosives.Keywords: Indonesia, coral reefs, blast fishing, coastal management, socio-economics IntroductionBlast fishing was introduced in the Indonesian Archipelago in the Second World War as an easy and profitable way to catch schooling reef fish (Galvez et al. 1989). Nowadays, due to generally declining catches in other sectors of coastal fisheries (Venema 1997), the ranks of blast fishers are joined by fishers who consider blast fishing the last opportunity to catch and earn enough to feed their families. The explosives were originally taken from old Second World War ammunition shells, which were dug up by fishers. At the present, bombs are mostly made with artificial (chemical) fertilizers such as ammonium and potassium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ; KNO 3 ). Sometimes, dynamite obtained from police, military personnel, mining companies, or civil engineering projects is also used (Alcala & Gomez 1987;Rubec 1988;Galvez et al. 1989).Blast fishers hunt specifically for schooling reef fish, so that only a few bombs will assure a relatively large catch. Because they can use visual information on the abundance of their prey, they consider this method to be very cost-eff...

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An overview of Indonesian coastal environmental management

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Community Participation in Marine Protected Area Management: Wakatobi National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Community Participation in Marine Protected Area Management: Wakatobi National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Management of traditional common fishing grounds: The experience of the Para community, Indonesia

An economic analysis of blast fishing on Indonesian coral reefs

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