An Overview of Lake Neutralization Experiments in Ontario

Dodge, D. P.; Booth, G. M.; Richman, Lisa A.; Keller, W.; Tomassini, F. D.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2279-2_6

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Liquid reagents of limestone slurries are more effective than dry powder application (Warfvinge et al, 1984) because electrostatic forces can cause dry particles to clump together forming larger particles that may sink to the bottom of the water column and react less effectively than finer particles (Dodge et al, 1988). Limestone aggregate is also a safe material to handle and there is no risk of overdosing (maximum pH 8.3).…”

Section: Alkaline Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Treatment of Acid Sulfate Soil Drainage By Direct Application of Alkaline Reagents

Green¹,

Waite

Melville

2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Due to the episodic nature of rainfall and the high dissolved metal concentrations in the acid sulfate soil catchment of Clothiers Creek (NSW, Australia), active treatment was considered more appropriate than passive treatment. Alkaline reagents were added to oxidised shallow drains to remove acidities ranging from 438 to 1,837 mg/L CaCO 3 . A fine limestone slurry was produced from the pounding together of limestone rock fragments within a rotating drum and, on addition to drain waters, was found to remove acidity to varying degrees of effectiveness (from 12 to 100%). The efficiency decreased as the pH of the water approached neutrality due to calcite saturation and the slow reaction rate of limestone at high pH. Hydrated lime powder was also mixed with drain water in the rotating drum though most mixing occurred once the slurry entered the drain where efficiencies ranging from 67 to 89% were observed. A powdered mixture of MgCO 3 and CaCO 3 was only 11% effective in treatment of the drainage water due to the slow rate of reaction of MgCO 3 . Whilst R. Green

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Section: Alkaline Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Treatment of Acid Sulfate Soil Drainage By Direct Application of Alkaline Reagents

Green¹,

Waite

Melville

2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…As well, since liming is only a temporary interim step, not a solution, for the lake acidification problem, the focus in Ontario was on achieving effective controls on acid-causing emissions (Keller 2009). A small number of whole-lake liming activities were, however, conducted in Ontario to experimentally determine the responses of lake communities to reduced acidity (Dillon et al 1979;Dodge et al 1988;Keller et al 1990c;Yan et al 1995) or to assist with the restoration of a unique strain of brook trout, the aurora trout, which had been eliminated from its natural lakes by acidification (Snucins et al 1995a, b).…”

Section: Lake and Watershed Limingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of acidified Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, lakes: a multi-decade synthesis and update

2019

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The Sudbury region of northeastern Ontario, Canada, provides one of the world’s best examples of the resilience of aquatic ecosystems after reductions in atmospheric contaminant deposition. Thousands of lakes around the Sudbury metal smelters were badly damaged by acid deposition. Lakes closest to the smelters were also contaminated by metal particulates. However, large reductions in atmospheric SO2 and metal emissions starting in the early 1970s have led to widespread chemical improvements in these lakes, and recovery has been observed for various aquatic biota. Studies of Sudbury-area lakes are advancing our understanding of chemical and biological lake recovery; however, recovery is a complicated process and much remains to be learned. Biological recovery has often been slow to follow chemical recovery, and it has become apparent that the recovery of lakes from acidification is closely linked to interactions with other large-scale environmental stressors like climate change and Ca declines. Thus, in our multiple-stressor world, recovery may not bring individual lakes back to their exact former state. However, with time, substantial natural biological recovery toward typical lake communities can be reasonably expected for most but not necessarily all biota. For organisms with limited dispersal ability, particularly fish, human assistance may be necessary to re-establish typical communities. In lakes where food webs have been severely altered, re-establishment of typical diverse fish communities may in fact be an important element aiding the recovery of other important components of aquatic ecosystems including zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates. In the lakes closest to the smelters, where historically watersheds as well as lakes were severely damaged, the recovery of aquatic systems will be closely linked to ongoing terrestrial recovery and rehabilitation, particularly through the benefits of increased inputs of terrestrially derived organic matter. The dramatic lake recovery observed in the Sudbury area points to a brighter future for these lakes. However, continued monitoring will be needed to determine future changes and help guide the management and protection of Sudbury-area lakes in this multiple-stressor age.

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“…Numerous attempts have been made to reverse this process, either by liming the lakes themselves (Hultberg & Andersson, 1982 ;Dickson, 1988 ;Dodge et al, 1988 ;Edman et al, 1988 ;Alenas et al, 1990), or their catchments (Burns et al, 1984;Howells, 1986 ;Howells & Dalziel, 1988,1989Welsh Water Authority, 1987 . Few other methods of neutralising such lakes have been tried .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of lake fertilisation on the rotifers of Seathwaite Tarn, an acidified lake in the English Lake District

May¹

1995

Hydrobiologia

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Seathwaite Tarn, in the English Lake District, was used as an experimental site to test the feasibility of increasing the pH of an acidified waterbody by adding a phosphorus-based fertiliser solution . The impact of this experiment on the planktonic rotifer community was assessed by monitoring for two years before treatment (1990)(1991), and for a further two years once treatment had begun (1992)(1993) . The pH of the water rose by 0 .5 pH units over the period of fertilisation, and the lake became very eutrophic . This had little effect on the species composition of the rotifer assemblage, which continued to reflect the acid, oligotrophic nature of the untreated lake . However, there were marked changes in the levels of abundance of most planktonic species . Population densities of Keratella serrulata and Trichocerca longiseta increased in early spring, compared to pre-treatment levels, apparently due to the rises in chlorophyll-a concentrations . In contrast, Polyarthra dolichoptera became very scarce after fertilisation began . The treatment seemed to have little effect on the population dynamics of the dominant openwater rotifer, Polyarthra remata . In 1993, very high densities of Bosmina coregoni (up to 250 x 10 3 ind M-3 ) developed in response to the eutrophication programme . This seemed to suppress the rotifer community in the summer months .

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An Overview of Lake Neutralization Experiments in Ontario

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Treatment of Acid Sulfate Soil Drainage By Direct Application of Alkaline Reagents

Treatment of Acid Sulfate Soil Drainage By Direct Application of Alkaline Reagents

Recovery of acidified Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, lakes: a multi-decade synthesis and update

The effect of lake fertilisation on the rotifers of Seathwaite Tarn, an acidified lake in the English Lake District

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