An overview of lithotype associations of Miocene lignite seams exploited in Poland

Widera, Marek

doi:10.1515/logos-2016-0022

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Lignites from this region were formed in the Middle Miocene (Badenian stage) and are in the early stage of diagenesis. The details regarding the geological setting as well as characterization of the lignite are published elsewhere (Fabiańska and Kurkiewicz, 2013;Widera, 2016). Currently, lignite from the Konin location is exploited by the company PAK Kopalnia Węgla Brunatnego Konin S.A. from three open pits (Drzewce, Jóźwin IIB, Tomisławice).…”

Section: Lignite Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignite biodegradation under conditions of acidic molasses fermentation

Detman

Bucha

Simoneit

et al. 2018

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Lignite is difficult to degrade, thus stimulation of the autochthonous lignite microflora and introduction of additional microorganisms are required for lignite decomposition. Here, a packed bed reactor, filled with lignite samples from the Konin region (central Poland) was supplied continuously with M9 medium, supplemented with molasses (a by-product from the sugar industry), for 124 days to stimulate the autochthonous lignite microflora. Acidic fermentation of molasses was observed in the bioreactor. The simultaneous decomposition of lignite occurred under this acidic molasses fermentation condition. Our results show decay of free (non-bound) organic compounds during anaerobic lignite biodegradation. The concentrations of n-alkanes, n-alkanols, n-alkanoic acids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids and steroids present in non-biodegraded samples decreased significantly (some compounds to zero) during biodegradation. Interestingly, other compound classes like phenols, ketones and certain organic compounds increased. We interpret this phenomenon as a gradual decomposition of polymers, lignin and cellulose, present in the lignite. These changes resulted from microbial activity since they were not observed in pure solutions of short-chain fatty acids. The 16SrRNA profiling of the microbial community selected in the bioreactor revealed that the dominant bacteria belonged to the Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, furthermore representatives of 16 other phyla were also found. All the known taxa of lignocellulolytic bacteria were represented in the microbial community. Synergistic relations between bacteria fermenting molasses and bacteria degrading lignite are assumed. The results confirm lignin degradation in acidic medium by bacteria under anaerobic conditions.

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Section: Lignite Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collection (ca. 1 kg) represents an equal mixture of detritic, detroxylitic and xylodetritic lignite, according to the (Widera, 2016) classification.…”

Section: Lignite Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignite biodegradation under conditions of acidic molasses fermentation

Detman

Bucha

Simoneit

et al. 2018

International Journal of Coal Geology

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“…In Poland, lignite is mined in the Bełchatów, Konin, Turek, Turów and Sieniawa regions ( Figure 1) [11][12][13]. The deposits there display diversity in terms of their geological forms of [13]; (B) Cross-section through the Bełchatów lignite deposit [18]; (C) Location of the study area depicted on the color composition of a Sentinel satellite image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The period of peneplenization probably lasted throughout the Paleogene, as no sediments of this age are found in the Bełchatów region. Only the more erosion- [13]; (B) Cross-section through the Bełchatów lignite deposit [18]; (C) Location of the study area depicted on the color composition of a Sentinel satellite image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silification of the Mesozoic Rocks Accompanying the Bełchatów Lignite Deposit, Central Poland

Pękała

2020

Geosciences

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Fieldwork and exploratory study of Poland’s Bełchatów lignite deposit reveals that the Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments with overlying Neogene clays include rocks of greater hardness than the primary composition would indicate. Mineralogical and petrographic tests show the impact of secondary mineralization involving silification in particular. Transitional and carbonate rocks observed microscopically and subjected to X-ray examination show numerous polymorphic forms of silica replacing carbonate minerals. Opal types A and CT, chalcedony, quartz and microcrystalline quartz are all present. The process of silification observed is a selective and multistage one, with selective activity entailing the displacement and replacement of carbonates from older rocks, mainly Cretaceous opoka-rocks and marls, and Jurassic limestones. The opal fills tectonic fractures and has cemented cracked grains. Cathodoluminescence analysis identifies several generations of silica. The rocks have undergone advanced diagenesis as is evidenced by the recorded metasomatic reactions between minerals. They can further be assumed to be in the locomorphic stage. Such observations are relevant to efforts to reconstruct the origin of the rock matrix, and to the study of its textural features. In addition, the tests run on rocks of the lignite series would seem to be of significant value in identifying and developing associated rocks.

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“…Polish lignite seams are of Early and Middle Miocene age and among the genetically most differentiated in the word. Generally, three stratigraphically distinct lignite seams exploited in Poland, namely the third Ścinawa lignite seam (ŚLS-3), the second Lusatian lignite seam (LLS-2), and the first Mid-Polish lignite seam (MPLS-1) represent humic low rank coal, i.e., ortholignite (Widera 2016). For agricultural purpose, lignite with low degree of coalification, especially the earthy sort of them, is the most beneficial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the possibilities of using humic acids obtained from lignite in the production of commercial fertilizers

Huculak-Mączka

Hoffmann

2018

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Technological progress and high market demand contributed to a significant interest in the production of fertilizers based on humic acids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibilities of using humic acids obtained from lignite in the production of new commercial products. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine the quality standard requirements for such material. Properties of humic acids depend on source of origin as well as method of its extraction. Materials and methods The humic acids were extracted from polish deposit of lignite-Sieniawa Lubuska by alkaline extraction using for this purpose six kinds of extractants: 0.1 M NaOH and 0.25 M NaOH, 0.1 M KOH and 0.25 M KOH, and 0.1 M Na 4 P 2 O 7 and 0.25 M Na 4 P 2 O 7 . The humic samples were used in solid powder form and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, 13 C NMR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Results and discussion The determining factor influencing a degree of humic acids extraction from lignite and their structure is type of extractant. The largest efficiency of extraction (about 50%) was obtained with the use of NaOH solutions. All examined humic acids were generally characterized by simple and heterogeneous molecularly structure with low molecular weight and low aromatic polycondensation. Therefore, it can be concluded that humic acids extracted with NaOH and KOH solutions are less condensed than those extracted with Na 4 P 2 O 7 solutions. It can suggest that humic acids obtained from lignite using solutions of Na 4 P 2 O 7 are characterized by a low transformation degree and greater amount of carboxyl groups. Conclusions Low rank coal can be successfully used in agriculture as a rich source of humic acids. Reagent used in their extraction, apart from high efficiency should have a neutral impact on their structure. Studies on the physicochemical properties of humic acids can be helpful in predicting behaviors of such fertilizer components in the environment and in inventing new products taking the principles of sustainable development into consideration.

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An overview of lithotype associations of Miocene lignite seams exploited in Poland

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Lignite biodegradation under conditions of acidic molasses fermentation

Lignite biodegradation under conditions of acidic molasses fermentation

Silification of the Mesozoic Rocks Accompanying the Bełchatów Lignite Deposit, Central Poland

Evaluation of the possibilities of using humic acids obtained from lignite in the production of commercial fertilizers

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