An overview of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and its potential impact on health

Islas, José Francisco; Acosta, Ezeiza; G-Buentello, Zuca; Delgado-Gallegos, Juan Luis; Moreno-Treviño, María Guadalupe; Escalante, Bruno; Moreno-Cuevas, Jorge E.

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2020.104171

Cited by 161 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The two types of melanization in our study (Fig 3b and 3c) can be explained by the fact that the high concentrations of the extracts are poorly distributed within the larvae unlike the low concentrations. In addition, similarly to our study, seeds of A. indica have been reported to have high toxicity both in animal models [52] and in insects [53] due to phytochemicals that it contains, including azadirachtin, which is used in the composition of certain natural insecticides [14]. This substance acts mainly by blocking metamorphosis from the larval to adult stage and paralyzes the digestive tract of the larva [14,15].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Galleria mellonella as a novel eco-friendly in vivo approach for the assessment of the toxicity of medicinal plants

Arsène¹,

Pi²,

Ak³

2021

Preprint

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The evaluation of medicinal plants toxicity is a prerequisite prior their usage. The vertebrate models used for this purpose are often the object of ethical consideration. Though invertebrate models including Galleria mellonella have shown their ability to be used to assess various products toxicity, to our knowledge, G. mellonella has never been exploited to determine the toxicity of medicinal plants. In this study, the toxicity of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of seven (7) Cameroonian medicinal plants namely leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Moringa oleifera Lam and Vernonia amygdalina Delile; barks of Cinchona officinalis and Enantia chloranta Oliv; barks and seeds of Garcinia lucida Vesque and leaves and seeds of Azadirachta indica (Neem) were evaluated using the larval form of the Greater Wax Moth (Galleria mellonella). The median lethal doses (LD50), 90% lethal doses (LD90) and 100% lethal doses were successfully determined using the spline cubic survival curves and equations from the data obtained on the survival rate of G. mellonella 24h after the injection with the extracts. The LD50 values varied from 3.90 g/kg bw to >166.67 g/kg bw and the pattern of toxicity observed was in accordance with previous investigations on the plant materials concerned. The results obtained in this study suggest that G. mellonella can be used as a sensitive, reliable, and robust eco-friendly model to gauge the toxicity of medicinal plants. Thus, avoid the sacrifice of vertebrate models often used for this purpose to limit ethical concerns.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Galleria mellonella as a novel eco-friendly in vivo approach for the assessment of the toxicity of medicinal plants

Arsène¹,

Pi²,

Ak³

2021

Preprint

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“…This new approach can promote the development of innovative and technological natural-based medications improving the exploitation of traditional medicine. Neem oil has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various disorders, especially those affecting the skin [ 58 ]. However, its use is limited especially because of its low bioavailability along with its characteristic and unpleasant smell, defined as a combination of peanuts and garlic [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology for Natural Medicine: Formulation of Neem Oil Loaded Phospholipid Vesicles Modified with Argan Oil as a Strategy to Protect the Skin from Oxidative Stress and Promote Wound Healing

et al. 2021

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Neem oil, a plant-derived product rich in bioactives, has been incorporated in liposomes and hyalurosomes modified by adding argan oil and so called argan-liposomes and argan-hyalurosomes. Argan oil has also been added to the vesicles because of its regenerative and protective effects on skin. In the light of this, vesicles were specifically tailored to protect the skin from oxidative stress and treat lesions. Argan-liposomes were the smallest vesicles (~113 nm); the addition of sodium hyaluronate led to an increase in vesicle size (~143 nm) but it significantly improved vesicle stability during storage. In vitro studies confirmed the free radical scavenging activity of formulations, irrespective of their composition. Moreover, rheological investigation confirmed the higher viscosity of argan-hyalurosomes, which avoid formulation leakage after application. In vitro studies performed by using the most representative cells of the skin (i.e., keratinocytes and fibroblasts) underlined the ability of vesicles, especially argan-liposomes and argan-hyalurosomes, to counteract oxidative stress induced in these cells by using hydrogen peroxide and to improve the proliferation and migration of cells ensuring the more rapid and even complete closure of the wound (scratch assay).

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“…It is isolated from the leaves and flowers of a traditional medicinal plant, Azadirachta indica (Neem). Besides nimbolide, other limonoids such as azadirachtin, nimbidin, and epoxyazadiradione have also shown various beneficial therapeutic activities, including anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer 3‐11 . Notably, available reports suggest that among all the limonoids, nimbolide is the most potent anticancer agent 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides nimbolide, other limonoids such as azadirachtin, nimbidin, and epoxyazadiradione have also shown various beneficial therapeutic activities, including anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Notably, available reports suggest that among all the limonoids, nimbolide is the most potent anticancer agent. 12 Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the promising therapeutic efficacy of nimbolide against breast, colon, prostate, pancreatic, cervical, renal, and oral cancers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nimbolide induces cell death in T lymphoma cells: Implication of altered apoptosis and glucose metabolism

Jaiswara

Gupta

Sonker

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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Nimbolide is a tetranortriterpenoid derived from the leaves and flowers of Azadirachta indica (Neem). It exhibits anticancer activity against a variety of cancers by modulating various crucial features, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion and metastasis. More importantly, the cytotoxic effect of nimbolide has also been observed against T cell lymphoma, but the underlying mechanisms are still unexplored. So far, no study has been conducted to observe the effect of nimbolide on cancer cell metabolism. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the antitumor potential of nimbolide against T cell lymphoma, a neoplastic disorder of thymic origin. In addition, we also unraveled the anti‐glycolytic activity of nimbolide against T lymphoma cells with possible molecular mechanisms. Our results showed the cytotoxic action of nimbolide against three different cell lines of T cell lymphoma, namely Dalton's lymphoma, HuT‐78, and J6. Nimbolide‐induced apoptosis in T lymphoma cells by altering the level of reactive oxygen species, p53, Bcl2, Bax, and cytochrome c, with subsequent cleavage of caspase 3. Remarkably, nimbolide inhibited the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α, glucose transporter 3, hexokinase II, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, which led to the suppression of glycolysis with concomitant activation of oxidative phosphorylation. Hence, the results of the present investigation demonstrate that nimbolide exerts tumoricidal activity against T lymphoma cells via augmentation of apoptosis and reversal of altered cell metabolism. Thus, the present study provides a new insight for the therapeutic utilization of nimbolide against T cell lymphoma.

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An overview of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and its potential impact on health

Cited by 161 publications

References 72 publications

Galleria mellonella as a novel eco-friendly in vivo approach for the assessment of the toxicity of medicinal plants

Galleria mellonella as a novel eco-friendly in vivo approach for the assessment of the toxicity of medicinal plants

Nanotechnology for Natural Medicine: Formulation of Neem Oil Loaded Phospholipid Vesicles Modified with Argan Oil as a Strategy to Protect the Skin from Oxidative Stress and Promote Wound Healing

Nimbolide induces cell death in T lymphoma cells: Implication of altered apoptosis and glucose metabolism

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