An overview of peripheral artery disease in the elderly: A study in a tertiary hospital Southern Nigeria

Akpan, Iboro Samuel; Enabulele, Osahon; Adewole, A.J.

doi:10.4103/nmj.nmj_142_19

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our estimate of clinical PAD prevalence was lower than previous studies from sub-Saharan Africa which range from 14% to 38% 9,10,12,27 . However, these studies focused primarily on populations older than 60 years while our population was between 40 and 69 years old.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in rural South Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of the HAALSI cohort

Beidelman¹,

Rosenberg²,

Wade³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction. The burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasing in low- and middle-income countries. Existing literature from sub-Saharan Africa is limited and lacks population-representative estimates. We estimated the burden and risk factor profile of PAD for a rural South African population. Methods. We used data from 1,883 participants of the HAALSI cohort of South African adults aged 40-69 years with available ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurements. We defined clinical PAD as ABI ?0.90 or >1.40 and borderline PAD as ABI >0.90 & ?1.00. We compared the distribution of sociodemographic variables, biomarkers, and comorbidities across PAD classifications. To identify associated factors, we calculated unadjusted and age-sex-adjusted prevalence ratios with log-binomial models. Results. Overall, 6.6% (95% CI: 5.6-7.7) of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for clinical PAD while 44.7% (95% CI: 42.4-47.0) met the diagnostic criteria for borderline PAD. Age (PR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.1 for ages 50-59 compared to 40-49; PR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.5-4.0 for ages 60-69 compared to 40-49) and C-reactive protein (PR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.12) were associated with increased prevalence of clinical PAD. All other examined factors were not associated with clinical PAD. Conclusions. We found high PAD prevalence for younger age groups compared to previous research and a lack of evidence for the influence of traditional risk factors for this rural, low-income population. Future research should focus on identifying the underlying risk factors for PAD in this setting. South African policymakers and clinicians should consider expanded screening for early PAD detection in rural areas.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in rural South Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of the HAALSI cohort

Beidelman¹,

Rosenberg²,

Wade³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Recruitment was done from September to November 2017. Respondents were interviewed to obtain information on their demographic data such as age, gender, smoking, alcohol intake and clinical characteristics [20]. Measurement of Blood Pressure: An Accosson® mercury sphygmomanometer was used in measuring the brachial and ankle blood pressure of each respondent.…”

Section: Study Design and Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethical clearance with a protocol number ADM/E22/A/VOL.VII/1460 was obtained from the ethics committee of University of Benin Teaching Hospital [20]. All participants were educated on the purpose and benefits of the study before recruitment.…”

Section: Consent and Ethical Considera-tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All participants were educated on the purpose and benefits of the study before recruitment. Their participation in the study was totally voluntary and unwillingness to participate was without prejudice [20]. Their confidentiality was ensured as no name was included in the questionnaire.…”

Section: Consent and Ethical Considera-tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their confidentiality was ensured as no name was included in the questionnaire. The hardware for the storage of data was pass-worded to prevent unauthorized access [20]. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.…”

Section: Consent and Ethical Considera-tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Peripheral Artery Disease among Elderly Respondents in an Urban Hospital, Edo State Nigeria

Akpan

Ehimen²,

Adedokun

et al. 2021

JAMMR

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) potentially affects health-related Quality of Life, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and is a strong prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events in elderly population. PAD commonly affects the elderly but may go undiagnosed in them, probably due to the presence of other morbidities like osteoarthritis and associated muscle spasm. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of PAD in elderly by evaluating the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics in elderly patients. Methods. A cross sectional hospital based study was carried out among 370 patients aged 60 years and above attending a Tertiary Hospital from September to November 2017. A systematic random sampling technique was utilized. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle variables, and medical history. The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) was used to assess for PAD. Analysis was done using Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results. The mean age was 69.3±7 years comprising of 76.5% females, 50% of the respondents were married while 47% were widowed. After adjusting for other variables, the result of the multi-logistic regression indicated that only patients with abnormal pedal pulse were more likely to present with PAD than those with normal pedal pulse (OR=10.634, 95% CI=2.4-47.121, p=0.002). Conclusion. The study reveals that abnormal pedal pulses were significant predictors of PAD, therefore it is recommended that regular screening (clinical foot examination and ABI) should be done for elderly to achieve early detection of PAD and facilitate prompt treatment.

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Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Peripheral Artery Disease in Rural South Africa: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis of the HAALSI Cohort

Beidelman,

Rosenberg,

Wade

et al. 2024

JAHA

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Background The burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasing in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Existing literature from sub‐Saharan Africa is limited and lacks population‐representative estimates. We estimated the burden and risk factor profile of PAD for a rural South African population. Methods and Results We used data from 1883 participants from a rural, low‐income cohort of South African adults aged 40 to 69 years with available ankle‐brachial index measurements. We defined clinical PAD as ankle‐brachial index ≤0.90 or >1.40, and borderline PAD as ankle‐brachial index >0.90 and ≤1.00. We compared the distribution of sociodemographic variables, biomarkers, and comorbidities across PAD classifications. To identify associated factors, we calculated unadjusted and age‐sex‐adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) with log‐binomial models. Overall, 6.6% (95% CI, 5.6–7.7) of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for clinical PAD, while 44.7% (95% CI, 42.4–47.0) met the diagnostic criteria for borderline PAD. Age (PR: 1.9 [95% CI, 1.2–3.1] for ages 50–59 years compared with 40–49 years; PR: 2.5 [95% CI, 1.5–4.0] for ages 60–69 years compared with 40–49 years); diagnosed hypertension (PR: 1.53 [95% CI, 1.08–2.17]); and C‐reactive protein (PR: 1.08 [95% CI, 1.03–1.12]) were associated with increased prevalence of clinical PAD. All other examined factors were not significantly associated with clinical PAD. Conclusions We found high PAD prevalence for younger age groups compared with previous research and a lack of statistical evidence for the influence of traditional risk factors for this rural, low‐income population. Future research should focus on identifying the underlying risk factors for PAD in this setting. South African policymakers and clinicians should consider expanded screening for early PAD detection in rural areas.

show abstract

An overview of peripheral artery disease in the elderly: A study in a tertiary hospital Southern Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in rural South Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of the HAALSI cohort

Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in rural South Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of the HAALSI cohort

Predictors of Peripheral Artery Disease among Elderly Respondents in an Urban Hospital, Edo State Nigeria

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Peripheral Artery Disease in Rural South Africa: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis of the HAALSI Cohort

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