An Overview of Preliminary COVID-19 Cases Admitted in Rawalpindi Institute of Urology & Transplantation Pakistan

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the source of infection, comorbidity and health outcome of COVID-19 patients admitted in Rawalpindi Institute of Urology & Transplantation (RIU & T) Pakistan. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among 106 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted at Rawalpindi Institute of Urology & Transplantation from 20 th March-13 th April 2020. These patients were enrolled in research through consecutive sampling. The data was gathered pertinent to demographics, symptoms, source of infection, comorbidity and health outcome of the COVID-19 patients. The data was analyzed by means of SPSS version 25.0.Results: Of the total 106 COVID-19 cases, 74(69.8%) were males and 32(30.2%) were females. Mean age of COVID-19 patients was 45.24±18.63 years. About 73(69%) had contact history with their close family members while 31(29.2%) had travel history. About 35(33.02%) had persistent dry cough, 31(29.24%) had high grade fever 16(15.1%) had shortness of breath and 21(19.8%) complained of sore throat. Time period between positive PCR diagnostic report and negative PCR report was determined to be 11.5±1.32 days. Most 22(71%) had one comorbidity and hypertension was most prevalent among our patients followed by diabetes, renal, hepatic and cardiovascular diseases. Comorbidity showed statistically significant association (P<0.01) with critical illness among COVID-19 patients. Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin were given to all the patients. Conclusion:Most of the COVID-19 patients were infected by close contacts who returned from abroad. All COVID-19 patients were alive. Older hypertensive males being more at risk of coronavirus infection should strictly seek precautionary measures.

Clinical Characteristics and degree of severity of COVID-19 in Hemodialysis Patients in Armed Forces Institute of Urology.

“…This disease was declared as global health emergency by WHO on 30th January 2020. 2 According to the published literature, older patients with underlying illness such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and Ischemic heart disease tend to be susceptible to COVID-19 and become severely ill. 2 Patients with ESRD have abnormal…”

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“…COVID-19 cases are either found to be symptomatic or suffering from mild clinical symptoms [3]. However, some of them present with acute lung injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) that ultimately leads to respiratory failure and expiry [4]. Elderly population and individuals with co-morbidities like cardiovascular disorders and diabetes are highly vulnerable to corona virus disease with grave consequences [5].…”