An overview of sage I and II ozone measurements

McCormick, M. P.; Zawodny, J. M.; Veiga, Robert E.; Larsen, J. C.; Wang, P.H.

doi:10.1016/0032-0633(89)90146-3

Cited by 187 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…To achieve this goal, ground-based, balloon-borne, airborne and satellite instruments have been used to monitor ozone abundances in the atmosphere during the last decades. For satellite instruments, different observation techniques including solar/stellar occultation measurements (e.g., SAGE -Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (McCormick et al, 1989); HALOE -Halogen Occultation Experiment (Russell et al, 1994); ACE -Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (McElroy et al, 2007); GOMOSGlobal Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (Bertaux et al, 2010)), limb scatter/emission measurements (e.g., MLS -Microwave Limb Sounder (Waters et al, 2006); MIPAS -Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (Fischer et al, 2008); OSIRIS -Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System (Llewellyn et al, 2004)) and nadir measurements (e.g., GOME/GOME2 -Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment Callies et al, 2000); OMI -Ozone Monitoring Instrument (Levelt et al, 2006); IASI -Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (Clerbaux et al, 2009)) are used (see, e.g., Sofieva et al, 2013;Hassler et al, 2014, and references therein). The passive imaging spectrometer used in this study, SCIA-MACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CartograpHY), provided vertical distributions of atmospheric trace gases by employing the limb-scattering measurement technique (Burrows et al, 1995;Bovensmann et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global validation of SCIAMACHY limb ozone data (versions 2.9 and 3.0, IUP Bremen) using ozonesonde measurements

Jia¹,

Rozanov²,

Ladstätter-Weißenmayer³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. In this paper, the latest SCIAMACHY limb ozone scientific vertical profiles, namely the current V2.9 and the upcoming V3.0, are extensively compared with ozonesonde data from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) database. The comparisons are made on a global scale from 2003 to 2011, involving 61 sonde stations. The retrieval processors used to generate V2.9 and V3.0 data sets are briefly introduced. The comparisons are discussed in terms of vertical profiles and stratospheric partial columns. Our results indicate that the V2.9 ozone profile data between 20 and 30 km are in good agreement with ground-based measurements, with less than 5 % relative differences in the latitude range of 90 • S-40 • N (with the exception of the tropical Pacific region, where an overestimation of more than 10 % is observed), which corresponds to less than 5 DU partial-column differences. In the tropics the differences are within 3 %. However, this data set shows a significant underestimation northwards of 40 • N (up to ∼ 15 %). The newly developed V3.0 data set reduces this bias to below 10 % while maintaining a good agreement southwards of 40 • N with slightly increased relative differences of up to 5 % in the tropics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global validation of SCIAMACHY limb ozone data (versions 2.9 and 3.0, IUP Bremen) using ozonesonde measurements

Jia¹,

Rozanov²,

Ladstätter-Weißenmayer³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…Using the solar image as a source along with precise pointing knowledge permits a reliable, consistent, and accurate long-term measurement of important species. For example, the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE-II) (McCormick et al, 1989), monitored density, ozone, water, and aerosol for over 21 yr, and the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) (Russell et al, 1993), monitored these along with several halogen species and temperature as a function of pressure, T (P ), for over 14 yr. More recently, the Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment (SOFIE) (Gordley et al, 2009b), has achieved remarkable measurements of polar…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval of temperature and pressure using broadband solar occultation: SOFIE approach and results

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Measurement of atmospheric temperature as a function of pressure, T (P ), is key to understanding many atmospheric processes and a prerequisite for retrieving gas mixing ratios and other parameters from solar occultation measurements. This paper gives a brief overview of the solar occultation measurement technique followed by a detailed discussion of the mechanisms that make the measurement sensitive to temperature. Methods for retrieving T (P ) using both broadband transmittance and refraction are discussed. Investigations using measurements of broadband transmittance in two CO 2 absorption bands (the 4.3 and 2.7 µm bands) and refractive bending are then presented. These investigations include sensitivity studies, simulated retrieval studies, and examples from SOFIE.

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“…Ozone hole conditions are assumed to occur between August and December at latitudes south of 50 • S. Kroon et al (2011). The instruments used in the study are the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE II;McCormick et al, 1989), the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE; Russell III et al, 1993), the Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System (OSIRIS; Llewellyn et al, 2004), the Global Ozone Monitoring by the Occultation of Stars (GOMOS; Bertaux et al, 2010) There, the variability is 60 % for altitudes between 21 and 50 km, and 30 % for the other altitudes. These settings are ad hoc assumptions and, therefore, not necessarily the best possible a priori knowledge in the sense of information theory.…”

Section: Omo3pr Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TpO3 climatology is based on a combination of ozone soundings and SAGE II (McCormick et al, 1989) satellite data. Mean ozone profiles and standard deviations are given for 10 • latitude zones and for each month.…”

Section: A Priori Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the retrieval of tropospheric ozone with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)

et al. 2015

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Abstract.We have assessed the sensitivity of the operational Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) ozone profile retrieval algorithm to a number of a priori and radiative transfer assumptions. We studied the effect of stray light correction, surface albedo assumptions and a priori ozone profiles on the retrieved ozone profile. Then, we studied how to modify the algorithm to improve the retrieval of tropospheric ozone. We found that stray light corrections have a significant effect on the retrieved ozone profile but mainly at high altitudes. Surface albedo assumptions, on the other hand, have the largest impact at the lowest layers. Choice of an ozone profile climatology which is used as a priori information has small effects on the retrievals at all altitudes. However, the usage of climatological a priori covariance matrix has a significant effect. Based on these sensitivity tests, we made several modifications to the retrieval algorithm: the a priori ozone climatology was replaced with a new tropopause-dependent climatology, the a priori covariance matrix was calculated from the climatological ozone variability values, and the surface albedo was assumed to be linearly dependent on wavelength in the 311.5-330 nm channel. As expected, we found that the a priori covariance matrix basically defines the vertical distribution of degrees of freedom for a retrieval. Moreover, our case study over Europe showed that the modified version produced over 10 % smaller ozone abundances in the troposphere which reduced the systematic overestimation of ozone in the retrieval algorithm and improved correspondence with Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Instrument (IASI) retrievals. The comparison with ozonesonde measurements over North America showed that the operational retrieval performed better in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS), whereas the modified version improved the retrievals in the lower troposphere and upper stratosphere. These comparisons showed that the systematic biases in the OMI ozone profile retrievals are not caused by the a priori information but by some still unidentified problem in the radiative transfer modelling. Instead, the a priori information pushes the systematically wrong ozone profiles towards the true values. The smaller weight of the a priori information in the modified retrieval leads to better visibility of tropospheric ozone structures, because it has a smaller tendency to damp the variability of the retrievals in the troposphere. In summary, the modified retrieval unmasks systematic problems in the radiative transfer/instrument model and is more sensitive to tropospheric ozone variation; that is, it is able to capture the tropospheric ozone morphology better.

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An overview of sage I and II ozone measurements

Cited by 187 publications

References 28 publications

Global validation of SCIAMACHY limb ozone data (versions 2.9 and 3.0, IUP Bremen) using ozonesonde measurements

Global validation of SCIAMACHY limb ozone data (versions 2.9 and 3.0, IUP Bremen) using ozonesonde measurements

Retrieval of temperature and pressure using broadband solar occultation: SOFIE approach and results

Towards the retrieval of tropospheric ozone with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)

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