An Overview of Saponins – A Bioactive Group

Nguyen, Linh Thuy; Farcas, Anca; Socaci, Sonia; Tofanä, Maria; Diaconeasa, Zorița; Pop, Oana Lelia; Salanță, Liana Claudia

doi:10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2019.0036

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Most prominent symptoms induced by alkaloids depression, abortion, and trembling, vomiting paralysis leading to death [ 73 , 87 , 88 ]. Whereas, glycosides may cause paralysis, excitement, staggering, prostration, gasping, convulsions, blindness leading to coma and death; nitrogenous compounds cause depression, abortion, hemorrhages which can even leads to coma and death [ 89 – 92 ]. Saponins may cause inflammation of skin, liver damage, restlessness, itching and necrosis of skin which might leads to death due to kidney failure [ 93 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

et al. 2022

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Poisonous plants cause tremendous economic losses to the livestock industry. These economic losses are deterioration in their health, decreased productivity, deformed offspring, and reduced longevity. The current study is the first comprehensive report on poisonous plants of Azad Jammu and Kashmir which systematically documents the phytotoxicological effect and mode of action in livestock. The information was gathered from 271 informants including 167 men and 104 women through semi-structured interviews and literature search through available databases. The data collected through interviews was analyzed with quantitative tools viz. the factor informant consensus and fidelity level. A total of 38 species of flowering plants belonging to 23 families and 38 genera were reported. Family Asteraceae (5 spp) was the most dominant, followed by Solanaceae (4 spp), Fabaceae (4 spp), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp) and Convolvulaceae (3 spp). Among all the species collected, herbs were the dominant life form (22 spp, 57.89%), trailed by shrubs (11 spp, 28.95%), and trees (5 spp, 13.16%). Whole plant toxicity was reported to be the highest (15 spp, 39.47%), followed by leaf toxicity (12 spp, 31.58%), seed toxicity (4 spp, 7.89%), fruit toxicity (3 spp, 10.53%), latex toxicity (2 spp, 5.26%), flowers toxicity (1 spp, 2.63%), and berries toxicity (1 spp, 2.63%). The most toxic route of administration was found oral (39 spp, 40.63%), followed by intraperitoneal (24 spp, 25%), and intravenous (21 spp, 21.88%). The most commonly affected organ was found liver (20.41%), followed by gastrointestinal tract (20.341%), CNS (16.33%), skin (14.29%), kidneys (12.24%), lungs (4.04%), reproductive organs (2.04%), spleen (1.75%), blood (1.75%), heart (1.75%), urinary tract (1.75%), and pancreas (1.75%). The maximum Fic value was found for dermatological disorders (0.91), followed by the endocrine system (0.90), gastrointestinal (0.82), neurology (0.77), nephrology (0.67), cardiovascular (0.67), urinary (0.67), respiratory (0.60), sexual (0.60) disorders. Senecio vulgaris, and Ageratum conyzoides were the most important plants with fidelity level (0.95) and (0.87). Nerium oleander, Lantana camara, Leucaena leucocephala, and Ricinus communis were the important poisonous plant with maximum fidelity level (100%). Ricinus communis with reported lowest LD50 (<20 mg/kg) was the top-ranked poisonous plant followed by Lantana camara and Justicia adhatoda (25–50 mg/kg), Nerium Oleander (157.37 mg/kg), and Datura innoxia (400 mg/kg). We found that knowledge about poisonous plants is less prevailing in the rural areas of Azad Kashmir compared to the knowledge about medicinal plants and poisonous nature of reported plants is due to production of toxic substances and presence of essential oils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

et al. 2022

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“…Saponin has bitter and upleasant taste with colourless amorphous form. This class of compound has different solubility due to certain conditions such as temperature, composition and pH [25]. Saponins possess significant biological activities such as adjuvant activity, cholesterolbinding activity, anti-inflammation, antitumor and cardiovascular protection [25][26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical screening of Malaysian Dipterocarpaceae species from Kuala Keniam, Taman Negara Pahang

Kamarozaman

Adnan

Saidon

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The diverse family of Dipterocarpaceae is well-known for its timber as well as the phytochemical constituents which possess medicinal properties. In this preliminary study, 10 Dipterocarpaceae species namely Anisoptera laevis, Dipterocarpus crinitus, Dipterocarpus gracilis, Hopea nervosa, Hopea pubescens, Shorea hopeifolia, Shorea ovalis, Shorea parviflora, Vatica bella and Vatica maingayi were collected from Kuala Keniam, Taman Negara Pahang, Malaysia. The selected parts of the species were macerated in methanol and phytochemically screened to determine the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The results revealed that all crude methanolic extracts were found to contain tannins and terpenoids. Additionally, the crude extracts from the stem bark of D. gracilis and the leaves of H. pubescens were observed to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugar, saponins, tannins as well as terpenoids. Further studies on all species are recommended in search for the bioactive chemical constituents that might be beneficial in the development of drug discovery.

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“…In addition, the oral intake of soya saponin has been used as an adjuvant aid in the treatment of retroviral infection and to prevent obesity [ 105 , 106 ]. Many studies are focusing on their mechanism within, and applications to, dietary supplement development [ 107 , 108 ].…”

Section: Health Benefits Of Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols, Saponins and Phytosterols in Lentils and Their Health Benefits: An Overview

et al. 2022

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The lentil (Lens culinaris L.) is one of the most important legumes (family, Fabaceae). It is a natural functional food rich in many bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, saponins and phytosterols. Several studies have demonstrated that the consumption of lentils is potentially important in reducing the incidence of a number of chronic diseases, due to their bioactive compounds. The most common polyphenols in lentils include phenolic acids, flavan-3-ol, flavonols, anthocyanidins, proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins, and anthocyanins, which play an important role in the prevention of several degenerative diseases in humans, due to their antioxidant activity. Furthermore, lentil polyphenols are reported to have antidiabetic, cardioprotective and anticancer activities. Lentil saponins are triterpene glycosides, mainly soyasaponins I and βg. These saponins have a plasma cholesterol-lowering effect in humans and are important in reducing the risk of many chronic diseases. Moreover, high levels of phytosterols have been reported in lentils, especially in the seed coat, and β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol are the most abundant. Beyond their hypocholesterolemic effect, phytosterols in lentils are known for their anti-inflammatory activity. In this review, the current information on the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds including polyphenols, saponins and phytosterols, and their associated health-promoting effects are discussed.

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An Overview of Saponins – A Bioactive Group

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

Phytochemical screening of Malaysian Dipterocarpaceae species from Kuala Keniam, Taman Negara Pahang

Polyphenols, Saponins and Phytosterols in Lentils and Their Health Benefits: An Overview

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