An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for RIS/IRS-aided Wireless Systems

Pan, Cunhua; Zhou, Gui; Zhi, Kangda; Hong, Sheng; Wu, Tuo; Pan, Yijin; Ren, Hong; Di Renzo, Marco; Swindlehurst, A. Lee; Zhang, Rui; Zhang, Angela Yingjun

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2112.05989

Cited by 8 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(257 reference statements)

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“…In [79], a method using random beamforming and maximum likelihood estimation to calculate the AoA and AoD of the line-of-sight path between BS/AP (or IRSs) and the mobile terminal is shown, which then, with the estimated AoDs, proposes an iterative positioning algorithm that achieves centimeter-level positioning accuracy. In [80], a systematic overview of existing works is presented on IRS/RIS, mainly from the signal processing point of view, by focusing on channel estimation, transmission design, and radio localization issues.…”

Section: Beyond 5gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning in 5G and 6G Networks—A Survey

Mogyorósi

Revisnyei

Pašić

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Determining the position of ourselves or our assets has always been important to humans. Technology has helped us, from sextants to outdoor global positioning systems, but real-time indoor positioning has been a challenge. Among the various solutions, network-based positioning became an option with the arrival of 5G mobile networks. The new radio technologies, minimized end-to-end latency, specialized control protocols, and booming computation capacities at the network edge offered the opportunity to leverage the overall capabilities of the 5G network for positioning—indoors and outdoors. This paper provides an overview of network-based positioning, from the basics to advanced, state-of-the-art machine-learning-supported solutions. One of the main contributions is the detailed comparison of machine learning techniques used for network-based positioning. Since new requirements are already in place for 6G networks, our paper makes a leap towards positioning with 6G networks. In order to also highlight the practical side of the topic, application examples from different domains are presented with a special focus on industrial and vehicular scenarios.

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Section: Beyond 5gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning in 5G and 6G Networks—A Survey

Mogyorósi

Revisnyei

Pašić

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…Furthermore, multipaths due to wider band create an environment in which the first arriving paths do not contain the maximum energy. An IRS could be employed as a self-sensing architecture that could help determine the departure and arrival angles by employing the MUSIC, ESPIRIT, maximum likelihood, etc., algorithms [ 43 , 44 ]. An IRS-aided localization for indoor communications could resolve the object within centimetres which is not currently possible with BLE or WiFi standards.…”

Section: Conclusion Future Work and Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another challenge is that the massive deployment of IRS to form HetNets would require optimized techniques to serve multiple data streams. A centralized coordination for the IRS-assisted HetNets and transceivers need continuous channel training for learning the CSI [ 44 , 109 ].…”

Section: Conclusion Future Work and Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this survey provides a more detailed discussion on IRS technology and covers historical concepts, nomenclature, system architecture and design, an IRS-aided wireless network deployment and performance, smart radio channels with an an IRS and the limitations of the existing works and key future research directions. Furthermore, this survey covers several recent research advancements such as IRS-assisted UAV or UAV-satellite systems [ 38 , 39 ], an IRS aided for mobile edge computing [ 40 , 41 ], IRS-aided multiuser communication [ 42 ], IRS-aided localization [ 43 , 44 ], IRS-aided vehicular communications [ 45 ] and IRS-aided power transfer [ 46 , 47 ]. Finally, this survey discusses the current research gaps/opportunities and the possible solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review

Okogbaa

Ahmed

Khan

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The existing sub-6 GHz band is insufficient to support the bandwidth requirement of emerging data-rate-hungry applications and Internet of Things devices, requiring ultrareliable low latency communication (URLLC), thus making the migration to millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands inevitable. A notable disadvantage of a mmWave band is the significant losses suffered at higher frequencies that may not be overcome by novel optimization algorithms at the transmitter and receiver and thus result in a performance degradation. To address this, Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) is a new technology capable of transforming the wireless channel from a highly probabilistic to a highly deterministic channel and as a result, overcome the significant losses experienced in the mmWave band. This paper aims to survey the design and applications of an IRS, a 2-dimensional (2D) passive metasurface with the ability to control the wireless propagation channel and thus achieve better spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) to aid the fifth and beyond generation to deliver the required data rate to support current and emerging technologies. It is imperative that the future wireless technology evolves toward an intelligent software paradigm, and the IRS is expected to be a key enabler in achieving this task. This work provides a detailed survey of the IRS technology, limitations in the current research, and the related research opportunities and possible solutions.

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“…If the IRS is equipped with active sensors, traditional channel estimation techniques can be applied for the IRS to estimate the channels of the AP-IRS and IRS-user links, respectively; otherwise, the CSI of individual links can be acquired using the methods in[34]-[36] 2. For simplicity, we adopt a linear EH model which is widely used in existing works such as[15]-[20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamforming Optimization for Active Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided SWIPT

Gao,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Active intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been recently proposed to alleviate the product path loss attenuation inherent in the IRS-aided cascaded channel. In this paper, we study an active IRS-aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system. Specifically, an active IRS is deployed to assist a multi-antenna access point (AP) to convey information and energy simultaneously to multiple single-antenna information users (IUs) and energy users (EUs). Two joint transmit and reflect beamforming optimization problems are investigated with different practical objectives. The first problem maximizes the weighted sum-power harvested by the EUs subject to individual signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio (SINR) constraints at the IUs, while the second problem maximizes the weighted sum-rate of the IUs subject to individual energy harvesting (EH) constraints at the EUs. The optimization problems are non-convex and difficult to solve optimally. To tackle these two problems, we first rigorously prove that dedicated energy beams are not required for their corresponding semidefinite relaxation (SDR) reformulations and the SDR is tight for the first problem, thus greatly simplifying the AP precoding design. Then, by capitalizing on the techniques of alternating optimization (AO), SDR, and successive convex approximation (SCA), computationally efficient algorithms are developed to obtain suboptimal solutions of the resulting optimization problems. Simulation results demonstrate that, given the same total system power budget, significant performance gains in terms of operating range of wireless power transfer (WPT), total harvested energy, as well as achievable rate can be obtained by our proposed designs over benchmark schemes (especially the one adopting a passive IRS). Moreover, it is advisable to deploy an active IRS in the proximity of the users for the effective operation of WPT/SWIPT.

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An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for RIS/IRS-aided Wireless Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 146 publications

Positioning in 5G and 6G Networks—A Survey

Positioning in 5G and 6G Networks—A Survey

Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review

Beamforming Optimization for Active Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided SWIPT

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