An Overview of the Biological Evaluation of Selected Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle Medicinal Chemistry Compounds

Abstract

Heterocyclic compounds are a class of compounds of natural origin with favorable properties and hence have major pharmaceutical significance. They have an exceptional adroitness favoring their use as diverse smart biomimetics, in addition to possessing an active pharmacophore in a complex structure. This has made them an indispensable motif in the drug discovery field. Heterocyclic compounds are usually classified according to the ring size, type, and the number of heteroatoms present in the ring. Among different heterocyclic ring systems, nitrogen heterocyclic compounds are more abundant in nature. They also have considerable pharmacological significance. This review highlights recent pioneering studies in the biological assessment of nitrogen-containing compounds, namely: triazoles, tetrazoles, imidazole/benzimidazoles, pyrimidines, and quinolines. It explores publications between April 2020 and February 2022 and will benefit researchers in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. The present work is organized based on the size of the heterocyclic ring.

Novel Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Based Heterocyclic Compounds Efficiently Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro

“…Heterocyclic compounds are a class of organic cyclic compounds with at least one hetero atom; most heteroatoms are nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen [ 7 ]. These ring structures serve as the framework of many biological molecules such as DNA, RNA, hormones, and vitamins, making them indispensable motifs for drug discovery.…”

Six‐Membered Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocyclic Anti‐Tumor Agents: Synthesis and Applications

“…Classification based on the ring skeleton highlights significant disparities in the occurrence of various nitrogen heterocyclic classes [6–9] . Six‐membered rings were most commonly employed, followed by five‐membered and fused rings [10] .…”

One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐1,2,4‐triazoles Using Choline Chloride‐Urea and Their Antibacterial Activities

“…[2] The biological potentials of several selected classes of them as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-convulsant, antiproliferative, anti-Alzheimer and antimitotic agents were reviewed by Ebenezer et al. [3] Among biological and pharmacological properties, antimicrobial evaluations have been the focus of attention. [4] 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole scaffold is an important backbone of many compounds with industrial, agricultural and biological applications.…”