An Overview of the Electromagnetic Simulation-Based Channel Modeling Techniques for Wireless Body Area Network Applications

Särestöniemi, Mariella; Hämäläinen, Matti; Iinatti, Jari

doi:10.1109/access.2017.2708161

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Wireless body area network (WBAN) channel characteristics have been under an intensive study during the recent years. Several channel models, measurement campaigns and propagation simulations have been realized to get deeper understanding of the channel propagation in the vicinity or even inside a human body [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main challenge in this type of studies is the difficulty to obtain measurement data. Although the WBAN channel characteristics can be investigated through electromagnetic propagation simulations, which are based on, for instance, Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), Finite Integration Technique (FIT) or Finite Element Method (FEM) [9,10], at some phase the results should be verified with the real measurement data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of the Sternotomy Wires and Aortic Valve Implant on the On-Body UWB Radio Channels

Särestöniemi

Kumpuniemi

Hämäläinen

et al. 2018

2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT)

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In this paper, the impact of the sternotomy wires and aortic valve implant on the ultra wideband (UWB) channel characteristics is studied. The evaluations are performed by calculations, measurement data analysis, and power flow simulations. The aim is to show that implants, which consist of steel, titanium, and other highly conductive materials, do have clear effect on the signal propagation even inside the tissues. This impact should be taken into account when using in-body or onbody communications devices, such as capsule endoscopes, etc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Sternotomy Wires and Aortic Valve Implant on the On-Body UWB Radio Channels

Särestöniemi

Kumpuniemi

Hämäläinen

et al. 2018

2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT)

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“…In the literature it is possible to find several theoretical models, combined with circuital and/or full-wave (FW) approaches to the human channel modeling [3]- [6], [27]. Some models are capable to seize the essential features of the body channel propagation [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Periodic Transmission Line Model for Body Channel Communication

et al. 2020

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Body channel communication (BCC) is a technique for data transmission exploiting the human body as communication channel. Even though it was pioneered about 25 years ago, the identification of a good electrical model behind its functioning is still an open research question. The proposed distributed model can then serve as a supporting tool for the design, allowing to enhance the performances of any BCC system. A novel finite periodic transmission line model was developed to describe the human body as transmission medium. According to this model, for the first time, the parasitic capacitance between the transmitter and the receiver is assumed to depend on their distance. The parameters related to the body and electrodes are acquired experimentally by fitting the bioimpedentiometric measurements, in the range of frequencies from 1 kHz to 1 MHz, obtaining a mean absolute error lower than 4 • and 30 Ω for the phase angle and impedance modulus, respectively. The proposed mathematical framework has been successfully validated by describing a ground-referred and low-complexity system called Live Wire, suitable as supporting tool for visually impaired people, and finding good agreement between the measured and the calculated data, marking a ±3% error for communication distances ranging from 20 to 150 cm. In this work we introduced a new circuital approach, for capacitive-coupling systems, based on finite periodic transmission line, capable to describe and model BCC systems allowing to optimize the performances of similar systems. INDEX TERMS body area network, body channel communication, intra-body communication, propagation model, periodic transmission line

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“…Nowadays, computer simulators of electromagnetic (EM) waves propagation are common tools used to estimate the channel characteristics in the vicinity of human tissues [26][27]. Finite Integration Technique (FIT), Finite Element Method (FEM), Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) are all suitable tools for intra-body propagation prediction [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement Data-Based Study on the Intrabody Propagation in the Presence of the Sternotomy Wires and Aortic Valve Implant

Särestöniemi

Pomalaza‐Ráez

Kumpuniemi

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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This paper presents a comprehensive study on the impact of sternotomy wires and a medical implant on the ultra-wideband (UWB) channel characteristics by studying intra-body propagation in the vicinity of on-body antennas. The main contribution on this work is to verify propagation path calculations with measurement data taken from a volunteer that has sternotomy wires and an aortic valve implant and from a reference volunteer without any implants. Furthermore, the impact of sternotomy wires and the aortic valve implant is confirmed by finite integration technique simulations using a tissue layer model. It is shown, that additional signal peaks and variations of the channel impulse responses are observed for the medical implant case, since both sternotomy wires and aortic valve implant contain highly conductive materials which impacts on the channel characteristics. In the time domain simulation results, the difference between the channel strength of the implanted and non-implanted cases varies between 5-17 dB within the time range corresponding to the relevant propagation paths. This phenomenon should be taken into account when designing on-body monitoring devices and when choosing sensor node locations to avoid interference due to the additional multipath propagated signal components. On the other hand, knowledge of the impact of the aortic valve implant may be utilized in the design of devices that can monitor the functionality of a valve implant during the heartbeat. Index Terms-Aortic valve implant, intra-body propagation, channel characteristics, sternotomy wires, wireless body area networks. Manuscript received March 8, 2018. This work has been funded by the project Wireless Body Area Networks Communications in the Congested Environments project at University of Oulu and in part Academy of Finland 6Genesis Flagship project (grant 318927).

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An Overview of the Electromagnetic Simulation-Based Channel Modeling Techniques for Wireless Body Area Network Applications

Cited by 30 publications

References 117 publications

Impact of the Sternotomy Wires and Aortic Valve Implant on the On-Body UWB Radio Channels

Impact of the Sternotomy Wires and Aortic Valve Implant on the On-Body UWB Radio Channels

A Periodic Transmission Line Model for Body Channel Communication

Measurement Data-Based Study on the Intrabody Propagation in the Presence of the Sternotomy Wires and Aortic Valve Implant

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