An Overview of the History and Epidemiology of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast

Abstract

Since the first pathologic studies of breast cancer were undertaken in the nineteenth century, an intraepithelial stage has been recognized in the transition from normal tissue t o invasive cancer. In 1932 this was labeled in situ breast carcinoma, but was rarely diagnosed and considered only a clinical oddity. With the establishment of screening mammography over the past 20 years, both the ductal and lobular types of in situ breast carcinoma have been increasingly diagnosed. The lobular variant, lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), is now considered a marker of risk for subsequent invasive cancer, and is managed expectantly without surgical ablation. The ductal form, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), is considered a true premalignant lesion, which should be treated largely in the same way as invasive breast carcinoma. An understanding of the epidemiology and biologic implications of DCIS is necessary for a rational approach to treatment. N Key Words: DCIS, noninvasive breast cancer, in situ breast cancer HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVEost of the original pathologic investigations of M malignant tumors, which took place in the nineteenth century, focused on breast carcinoma. These studies documented that carcinoma arises from normal epithelial cells, and several investigators were able to trace

Radiographic features for triple negative ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

“…The MRI revealed a segmental enhanced DCIS was detected because of breast lumps or an abnormal discharge from the nipple. Through wider usage of MMG, and the development of radiological detection technologies capable of identifying breast abnormalities long before they become palpable, the frequency of DCIS detection has increased [12][13][14][15][16]. Historically, most cases of DCIS (72-80%) have been diagnosed by MMG.…”

Sonographic Findings of High-Grade and Non-High-Grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast

“…As the incidence of breast cancer is increasing and screening mammography is more widely used, the detection rate of DCIS is increasing. 23 Sonography has traditionally had a relatively small role in the diagnosis and evaluation of DCIS. Although the use of sonography in symptomatic patients is widely accepted, there is some debate as to the utility of this modality in screening or in those with a diagnosis of DCIS.…”

Ultrasound findings and histological features of ductal carcinoma in situ detected by ultrasound examination alone

“…Through a wider use of MMG, the frequency of DCIS detection is increasing [ 9 – 13 ]. While many DCISs are detected through microcalcifications [ 11 – 13 ], those without calcifications cannot be detected by MMG, and 6–23% DCIS are said to remain undetected [ 5 , 11 – 15 ].…”