“…Network monitoring is fundamental to network management and is the basis of many network Operations, Administration and Management (OAM) activities such as fault management [71], tra c engineering [72], load balancing [73,74], threat detection and mitigation [75,76], and capacity planning, accounting and billing [77], among others. Traditional IP network monitoring solutions such as NetFlow, sFlow and SNMP are hard to implement, and often require deploying proprietary hardware [78,79,80].…”